Seminar Nasional Komisi Nasional Sumber Daya Genetik

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    Keragaman Genetik 30 Aksesi Kedelai Introduksi Berdasarkan Marka Single Nucleotide Amplified Polymorphism (SNAP)
    (KOMISI NASIONAL SUMBER DAYA GENETIK, 2021-09-15) Nugroho ...[at al], Kristianto; Balai Besar Penelitian dan Pengembangan Bioteknologi dan Sumberdaya Genetik Pertanian
    Soybean breeding programs aim to support soybean self-sufficiency by increasing seed productivity in conjunction with other important characters. This requires wide genetic diversity of germplasms collection. Introduction varieties is one of the way to increase genetic diversity of soybean germplasms as a basic principle in breeding program. Nowadays, molecular markers have been widely applied in genetic diversity analysis which is important in assisting soybean pre-breeding process. The purpose of this study was to analyze the genetic diversity of 30 introduced soybean accessions by using ten SNAP markers. Genomic DNA from 30 introduced accessions with three national varieties i.e Wilis, Anjasmoro, and Tanggamus were amplified using ten pairs of newly design SNAP primers. The results showed that all of primers were able to produce clearly visible amplicon bands and validated their SNPs in the three national varieties according to in silico analysis. The scoring result showed as many as 69% alleles, possessed by introduced accessions, were alternative alleles that similar to Wilis, Anjasmoro, and Tanggamus. The phylogenetic analysis showed that there was a grouping of introduced accessions in two main clusters based on the SNP alleles. There were two accessions from Japan, namely Shirojisi and 3447, showed grouping in the same sub-cluster with the national varieties. The SNAP markers showed successful validation to detect polymorphisms based on nucleotide differences without the need for sequencing and are expected to be able to support the acceleration of soybean breeding programs, especially in the assembly of new improved varieties with required targetted characters.
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    Keragaman Genetik 82 Aksesi Padi Liar (Oryza spp.) Menggunakan Marka Mikrosatelit dan Sequence Tagged Site (STS)
    (KOMISI NASIONAL SUMBER DAYA GENETIK, 2021-09-15) Zahrani ...[at al], Shafa Widad; Balai Besar Penelitian dan Pengembangan Bioteknologi dan Sumberdaya Genetik Pertanian
    Wild rice (Oryza spp.) is a relative of cultivated rice (Oryza sativa) with specific morphological characters and has a genetic potential for rice breeding. Genetic diversity has an important role in plant breeding because the information and understanding of it can help the success of plant breeding programs. The purpose of this study was to identify the character of each wild rice accession using microsatellite markers and Sequence Tagged Sites (STS) and identify the relationship between wild rice accessions using microsatellite markers and Sequence Tagged Sites (STS). Microsatellite or Simple Sequence Repeat (SSR) is the most widely used marker for genetic diversity analysis, especially to determine the level of heterozygosity. Leaves sample of wild rice plants were taken and collected for DNA isolation. Wild rice DNA was isolated using of Doyle and Doyle method (1990). Wild rice DNA was amplified using 3 SSR markers. DNA bands were scored as binary. Binary data from SSR markers then were analyzed for calculating Polymorphism Information Content (PIC), number of alleles, allele frequency, gene diversity, and heterozygosity using PowerMaker software. Relatedness among accessions were analyzed using NTSYS 2.1. Principal Coordinates Analysis (PCoA) was analyzed using the XLSTAT Trial 2020. The results from the genetic diversity analysis of 82 wild rice accessions showed that the genetic similarity coefficient was 0.44 based on 3 SSR. Three main clusters were formed in this study. The first cluster consisted of 69 genotypes, the second cluster consisted of 8 genotypes, and the third cluster consisted of 5 genotypes. All SSR and STS markers used are very informative because it has a PIC value > 0.5, thus estimating genetic diversity among wild rice genotypes.
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    Pengaruh Modifikasi Pakan Formula terhadap Aspek Biologi Ngengat Lilin Galleria mellonella (L.) (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae)
    (KOMISI NASIONAL SUMBER DAYA GENETIK, 2021-09-15) Rahmawati ...[at al], Vindri; Balai Besar Penelitian dan Pengembangan Bioteknologi dan Sumberdaya Genetik Pertanian
    The wax moth Galleria mellonella, a pest on honey comb, is also can be used as experimental insect to study biocontrol and as feed for birds. The aim of this research is to investigate the biological aspects of the wax moth on five formula diets to find a substitution of the expensive natural diets. Treatments consisted of five different diet formulas (A, B, C, D, and E) and natural honey comb as control. The result showed that the average life cycle on all formula diets ranged from 35.9 to 84.9 days, shorter than that on honey comb. Fecundity of female on diet formula reached 894-4565 eggs with fertility rate > 90%. The eggs hatched after 4-14 days of incubation period. The duration of larval and prepupal stages was shorter on formula diets than that on honey comb. Conversely the longevity on formula diets was greater than on natural diets. Adult longevity varied from 1 to 27 days, and male adults lived longer (11.8 days) than females (6.2 days). In general, all formula diets tested (except C) showed better effects than honey comb for mass rearing of G. mellonella. Diet formula E considered as the most suitable diet for mass rearing G. mellonella.
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    Optimasi Fermentasi Nira Sorgum untuk Produksi Etanol dengan Menggunakan Isolat Yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae DBY-1
    (KOMISI NASIONAL SUMBER DAYA GENETIK, 2021-09-15) Akhyar ...[at al], Muh. Fadhlan; Balai Besar Penelitian dan Pengembangan Bioteknologi dan Sumberdaya Genetik Pertanian
    Bioethanol is environmental friendly renewable energy and can be used as a substitute for fuel oil. Fermentation of plant material containing glucose using yeast is usually used for the production of bioethanol. The raw material of sorghum juice can be used for bioethanol production because it contains approximately of 15-21% glucose, 70% sucrose and 10% fructose. The objective of this study was to determine the optimal conditions for the fermentation process of sorghum juice with using yeast isolate Saccharomyces cerevisiae DBY-1. Several treatments were given in this study, e.g the effect of pH, sterilization, incubation conditions, the addition of nitrogen and amount of inoculants. The parameters observed in this study were ethanol content, substrates utilization and the resulting by-products. The results of this study indicated that the optimal condition were the media sterilized using autoclave, the pH is 3.7, incubated in a static incubator, the addition of urea as a nitrogen source of 2 g/L and the addition of 6 g cells/L. Through this conditions can be obtained the highest ethanol content 4.24% and density of microorganisms by 5.62. Based on the results of this study, the optimal conditions in the fermentation process to produce ethanol were influenced by the sterility of the fermentation media, pH, place of incubation, the addition of urea as a nitrogen source and amount of inoculants.
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    Aplikasi Thidiazuron secara In Vitro terhadap Multiplikasi Tunas Gambir (Uncaria gambir (Hunter) Roxb)
    (KOMISI NASIONAL SUMBER DAYA GENETIK, 2021-09-15) Zainal ...[at al], Aprizal; Balai Besar Penelitian dan Pengembangan Bioteknologi dan Sumberdaya Genetik Pertanian
    Gambir is one of the export commodities from West Sumatra which has many benefits. This study aimed to obtain the optimum concentration of Thidiazuron (TDZ) on shoot multiplication of gambir through in vitro. The research was conducted in August-October 2020 at the Tissue Culture Laboratory, Faculty of Agriculture, Andalas University. Experiments were prepared using a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) consisting of 5 levels of TDZ treatments and repeated 6 times. Explant in the form of gambir nodes from seed germination through in vitro. The observed data were analyzed with the F-Test at the 5% real level and followed by the Duncan New Multiple Range Test (DNMRT) at the 5% level. The result showed that all TDZ concentrations could produce compound shoots. The 0,40 ppm treatment of TDZ was the best concentration in the observation variabels of the number of shoots per explant, number of leaves per explant, and shoot height in the multiplication of gambir’s shoot.
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    Peningkatan Keragaman Morfologi Keladi Tikus (Typhonium flagelliforme Lodd.) melalui Iradiasi Sinar Gamma
    (KOMISI NASIONAL SUMBER DAYA GENETIK, 2021-09-15) Susilowati ...[at al], Mariana; Balai Besar Penelitian dan Pengembangan Bioteknologi dan Sumberdaya Genetik Pertanian
    Rodent tuber (Typhonium flagelliforme Lodd.) is a potential medicinal plant that is useful as anticancer, antimicrobial, and antioxidant. Important chemical compounds contained such as alkaloids, saponins, steroids, glycosides, and lectins. Rodent tuber is propagated vegetatively with its tuber. So that, genetic variation of rodent tuber is still relatively low. The aims of this study were to determine the effect of tuber size on the effectiveness of physical mutations and increase the morphological variation of rodent tuber through gamma irradiation. Macro and micro tubers were mutated using gamma irradiation with 0 Gy, 5 Gy, 10 Gy, 15 Gy, 20 Gy, and 25 Gy concentrations. The results of this study indicated that there was an effect of tuber size on the LD20 and LD50 values. Macro tubers were still able to grow at radiation level of 25 Gy, meanwhile micro tubers were only able to grow at a radiation level of around 15 Gy. In general, rodent tuber mutants had shorter growth but had a higher greenish level of the leaves. Macro tuber mutants with a radiation level of 15 Gy showed a higher number of tillers among the other mutants.
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    Pemanfaatan Penanda SSR untuk Analisis Sidik Jari DNA Kentang (Solanum tuberosum L.)
    (KOMISI NASIONAL SUMBER DAYA GENETIK, 2021-09-15) Rizkyantoro ...[at al], Ahmad Fadil; Balai Besar Penelitian dan Pengembangan Bioteknologi dan Sumberdaya Genetik Pertanian
    DNA fingerprinting analysis in plant breeding program is required due to the confirmation of genetic identity on a variety, variety registration, and plant variety protection (PVP). Establishment of DNA fingerprinting was conducted on 5 variety candidates of potato POR 19028, POR 19053, POR 20059, POR 20061, POR 20073 with 17 other comparison potatoes using 25 SSR markers with fluorescently labeled on a DNA analyzer based on the capillary electrophoresis. The technology facilitates DNA allele sizes reading precisely and accurately thus the genetic diversity among the variety can be further identified. A total of 80 SSR alleles were obtained at 25 SSR loci with a total of 1-9 alleles per locus. Unique SSR alleles can be used as genetic markers from each variety. The results of allele comparison in the entire SSR loci were obtained 7 unique SSR markers for 5 potato variety candidates, including STM0001, STM0003, STM0019a, STM1025, STM1106, STM2013, and STM3012. The genetic diversity analysis using a NTSYS ver 2.2 software was produced groups, consisting of POR 20059, POR 20061, and POR 20073 which had genetic similarity 71-73% to the other types of processed potatoes. POR 19053 had 78-80% genetic similarity to the vegetable and intermediate potatoes and POR 19028 to the other vegetable potatoes was 90-95%.
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    Itik Alabio Plasma Nutfah Kalimantan Selatan: Potensi, Permasalahan, dan Upaya Pelestariannya
    (KOMISI NASIONAL SUMBER DAYA GENETIK, 2021-09-15) Hilmawan ...[at al], Fiqy; Balai Besar Penelitian dan Pengembangan Bioteknologi dan Sumberdaya Genetik Pertanian
    Alabio duck (Anas platyrhynchos Borneo) is one of local germplasm from South Kalimantan. Alabio duck that is currently developing in South Kalimantan is a natural selection carried out by breeders from generation to generation, so it needs to be protected and preserved. The purpose of this paper is to study the potency and problem of preserving Alabio duck in South Kalimantan. Research design conducts by descriptive analysis based on literature study. Alabio ducks have potential as laying ducks and broiler ducks (dual purpose) where the population is almost spread throughout South Kalimantan, even in Central Kalimantan and East Kalimantan. Raising Alabio ducks has been cultivated for generations by generations in South Kalimantan. This livestock business has led to business specialization, there are breeder, hatchery, laying and rearing. The problems in the development of Alabio ducks include the lack of standardization of good breeding quality, product quality (duck) is still diverse, lack of recording knowledge in farmers, postharvest handling and institutional systems in farmers that are not optimal, and disease attack of Alabio ducks. The efforts to preserve Alabio ducks are conducting special mapping of the development and purification areas of Alabio ducks that are adapted to the specialization of livestock business and the establishment of village breeding centers. In addition, counseling/dissemination is carried out on livestock cultivation such as the importance of recording livestock, screening superior breeds, using quality feed and based on local feed ingredients, disease prevention and control, a good Alabio duck breeding system, optimizing a good mating system and monitoring of strict livestock traffic.
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    Efektivitas Parasitoid Anisopteromalus calandrae (Howard, 1881) (Hymenoptera: Pteromalidae) sebagai Agen Biokontrol terhadap Sitophilus oryzae pada Media Jagung
    (KOMISI NASIONAL SUMBER DAYA GENETIK, 2021-09-15) Herlina, Lina; Balai Besar Penelitian dan Pengembangan Bioteknologi dan Sumberdaya Genetik Pertanian
    Sitophilus oryzae (Linnaeus) is an important pest of stored products serealia. Various control techniques have been made to control this pest, including use of parasitoids as natural enemies. The research of potential of Anisopteromalus calandrae (Howard 1881) as biocontrol agents of pests has been conducted at Insect Specimen Collection Lab in BB Biogen. Parasitoids were identified its morphological characters, and its ability in suppressing the population of S. oryzae was observed using 3 level of parasitoid densities i.e : inoculation of 0 insects, 8 insects, and 12 insects. The results showed that the inoculation of A. calandrae significantly influenced the number of S oryzae emerged, the percentage of intact seeds, and percentage of seed damage after 3 months of storage. The mean of emerging imago S. oryzae on the inoculation of 0, 8 and 12 parasitoids were 192.75 +47.26, 111.75 +29.61 and 48.00 +46.03 respectively. Mean intact seeds in the three treatments respectively were 102.88 + 6.25, 40.75 + 58.08, and 73.75 + 1.39. Mean seed damaged in the three treatments were 106.50 + 11.09, 66.00 + 11.58, and 34.50 +37.35. While mean of frassa in three treatment were 0.55 + 0.44, 0,39 + 0,11, and 0,19 + 0,17 but not sigificantly influenced by the treatment. Overall the experiment results showed that A. calandrae is potential as biocontrol agent to suppress population of S oryzae in maize.
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    Karakterisasi Molekuler Helicoverpa armigera Nucleopolyhedrovirus (HearNPV) Menggunakan Sekuen DNA Polimerase
    (KOMISI NASIONAL SUMBER DAYA GENETIK, 2021-09-15) Yusuf ...[at al], Sela; Balai Besar Penelitian dan Pengembangan Bioteknologi dan Sumberdaya Genetik Pertanian
    Corn borer (Helicoverpa armigera) is one of the most important pests that threaten corn production. H. armigera attacks cause corn production to decrease up to 80%. The use of the biological agent Helicoverpa armigera Nucleopolyhedrovirus (HearNPV) is one of many ways to control the pest’s population along with the principles of Integrated Pest Management (IPM). This study aims to obtain the molecular characteristics of H. armigera NPV . NPV isolates used obtained from a collection of Insect Pathology Laboratory that were propagated in H. armigera larvae that were reared in the laboratory. Isolated DNA was amplified using the PCR method using forward primer (5'-GAT CGT TGA CCG ACG TCA ATA -3 ') and reverse primer (5'-CGA TGA CAC GTA GCC AGT AAA -3'), then homology and phylogenetics tests are carried out to analyze the relationship of HearNPV Bogor isolate with NPV isolates from other countries that have been registered on GeneBank. Based on the analysis of the nucleotide and amino acid sequences of DNA polymerase, the Bogor HearNPV isolate had a genetic relationship with NPV that infect H. armigera from Spain and India, H. assulta from China and H. zea from Brazil. Based on phylogenetic analysis the Bogor HearNPV is in the same group as NPV of H. armigera from Spain and India, H. assulta from China and H. zea from Brazil.
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    Keberhasilan Okulasi Batang Bawah Japansche Citroen dengan Mata Tempel Jeruk Poliploid Hasil Pemuliaan In Vitro
    (KOMISI NASIONAL SUMBER DAYA GENETIK, 2021-09-15) Wulandari ...[at al], Fitri; Balai Besar Penelitian dan Pengembangan Bioteknologi dan Sumberdaya Genetik Pertanian
    Oranges fruits are popular with society and have agribusiness prospects that can increase the income of citrus farmers. The availability of quality seeds at the right time and within the reach of farmers determines the success of commercial-scale fruit plantations. Commercial citrus plants are generally cultivated using grafting seeds. Efforts to increase production are through the provision of quality seeds through vegetative propagation. The purpose of the study was to determine the suitability of diploid Japansche Citroen rootstock with polyploid orange patch eyes through the grafting method (Chip Budding). The research was carried out from March to July 2021 at the Pacet Experimental Garden, Center for Research and Development of Biotechnology and Agricultural Genetic Resources. The study using a completely randomized design (CRD) with six eye patches treatments, A1 (MT11) and A2 (MT12) triploid, A3 (FS27) A4 (FS89) A5 (FS25) polyploid, and A6 (control) siamese variety diploid. Parameters observed were the percentage of grafting success, time of shoot emergence, shoot length, number of leaves, number of shoots, and leaf morphology. The results showed that the percentage of successful grafting (100%) produced A1 (triploid MT11) and A4 (polyploid FS89). Significant effect on the parameters of shoot emergence time and shoot length obtained A1 (Triploid MT11) which is 26 HSO and 10.25cm. A2 (Triploid MT12) produced the highest average number of leaves and shoots, namely 15 leaves and 2 shoots. Qualitative and quantitative characters of leaf morphology showed two forms of elliptic and ovate leaf blades, acuminate and acute leaf tips, all leaf edges crenate. The mean leaf color shown is moderate olive-green, except for the diploid Siamese, which shows a brighter color of strong yellow-green. The length of the grafted leaves ranged from 6.62-9.23 cm with a width of 3.53-4.57 cm.
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    Evaluasi Metode Skrining untuk Cekaman Kekeringan pada Aksesi Lokal Padi Gogo
    (KOMISI NASIONAL SUMBER DAYA GENETIK, 2021-09-15) Andarini ...[at al], Yusi Nurmalita; Balai Besar Penelitian dan Pengembangan Bioteknologi dan Sumberdaya Genetik Pertanian
    One of the potential sources of variability for assembling new rice varieties for stressful environments is local accessions that have well-adapted to a particular area. IAARD Gene Bank is one of the institutions that conserve ex-situ various types of local accessions, one of which is upland rice. To explore the genetic potential of local accessions of upland rice, an efficient and effective method for germplasm screening is needed. This study aimed to evaluate the screening method of local upland rice germplasm against drought stress. A total of nine accessions of local upland rice were evaluated for their tolerance to drought at various stress levels based on the gravimetric method. The research was conducted in the greenhouse of ICABIOGRAD Bogor during June-September 2017. The experimental was designed in a split-plot, consisted of four levels of field capacity as the main plot and nine accessions of local upland rice as sub-plots with three replications. The results showed that none of the accessions survived at 25% field capacity. Meanwhile, at 75% and 50% field capacity, the results varied among the accessions tested with higher plant survival percentages at 75% field capacity. The results obtained from this study can be used as initial useful information regarding the genetic potential of local upland rice accessions to drought stress. The screening method evaluated in this study can also be implemented as recommendations for the application of screening method for other local upland rice accessions collected the IAARD Gene Bank.
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    Kemampuan Antagonis Bakteri Lipolitik asal Tanah terhadap Ganoderma
    (KOMISI NASIONAL SUMBER DAYA GENETIK, 2021-09-15) Sofiana ...[at al], Indah; Balai Besar Penelitian dan Pengembangan Bioteknologi dan Sumberdaya Genetik Pertanian
    This study aims to obtain lipolytic bacteria isolates and has antagonistic ability against Ganoderma. The Ganoderma isolates used were Biogen Culture Collection (BiogenCC). Bacterial isolates were isolated from the soil. Lipolytic test results obtained as many as 21 bacterial isolates capable of producing lipase enzymes. The lipolytic test was carried out qualitatively. The indicator of lipolytic activity was the formation of a clear zone around the colony on Tributyrin media for modification. The antagonist test was carried out using the dual culture method on PDA media. The results of the antagonist test against BiogenCC gan-1 showed 10 potential isolates, and against BiogenCC gan-2, 1 potential isolate was obtained. Based on the calculation of the percentage of antagonist test resistance, there was 1 bacterial isolate that gave the best results, including isolates E2.M3 (10-3) (77.78%) against BiogenCC gan-1, and B2.M2 (10-3)(59.4%) against BiogenCC gan-2. Antagonist test indicator is the formation of inhibition zones on PDA media. Molecular identification showed that BiogenCC gan-1 & BiogenCC gan-2 isolates were identified as Ganoderma boninense with sequence homology above 98%. Isolates E2.M3 (10-3) & B2.M2 (10-3) were identified as Lysinibacillus pakistanensis, with sequence homology above 99%.
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    Upaya Pelestarian Sumber Daya Genetik Tebu Lokal Kerinci Melalui Perbaikan Teknologi Budidaya
    (KOMISI NASIONAL SUMBER DAYA GENETIK, 2021-09-15) Bobihoe ...[at al], Julistia; Balai Besar Penelitian dan Pengembangan Bioteknologi dan Sumberdaya Genetik Pertanian
    Kerinci's local sugarcane plantations have existed since the Dutch times. More than 90% of the population in Sungai Asam Village, Kayu Aro Barat District, Kerinci, depends on sugar cane, which is processed into brown sugar. The upland dry land sugarcane plant in Kerinci Regency has proven to have very important economic value for local communities, especially brown sugar farmers and craftsmen. This paper is the result of field observations of the existing sugarcane cultivation system in Kayu Aro Barat District which aims to see the growth, and application of cultivation technology in an effort to preserve the genetic resources of the Kerinci sugarcane plant after being released by the Minister of Agriculture as a high-yielding variety of sugarcane under the name POJ 2878 Agribun Kerinci. The method used in this activity is a field survey method and interviews with sugarcane farmers. The results of the activity show that sugarcane farming in Sungai Asam Village, Kayu Aro Barat District, has very good and profitable prospects. With the release of Kerinci's local superior sugarcane to become a national superior variety, it is hoped that it can boost the economy of sugarcane farmers and brown sugar craftsmen in the dry land of the highlands. In an effort to increase the income and welfare of sugarcane farmers, it is necessary to improve cultivation technology, especially the use of quality sugar cane seeds, plant maintenance and the provision of organic fertilizers and chemical fertilizers that are tailored to the needs of plants. By providing guidance and assistance to cultivation technology and post-harvest sugarcane, it is an alternative for the preservation of Kerinci's local sugarcane plants.
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    Studi Kekerabatan Kelapa Genjah Menggunakan Marka Simple Sequence Repeat
    (KOMISI NASIONAL SUMBER DAYA GENETIK, 2021-09-15) Dadang ...[at al], Ahmad; Balai Besar Penelitian dan Pengembangan Bioteknologi dan Sumberdaya Genetik Pertanian
    Coconut plant is one of the most useful tropical plants in the world. All parts of the plant can be used as various types of food and non-food products that have good market prospects. Studies of the relationship of early maturing coconut using molecular markers have not been widely carried out. This study aimed to determine the relationship between 8 varieties of early maturing coconut spread in various regions in Indonesia by using SSR molecular markers derived from oil palm primers. This research was conducted at the Indonesian Center for Agricultural Biotechnology and Genetic Resources Research and Development, from July to December 2017. The research materials used were 8 coconut varieties from the collection of Indonesian Palmae Crops Research Institute, and 32 SSR markers. The results showed that the oil palm primers could actually be used for kinship studies of early maturing coconuts quite well and could distinguish each coconut variety with a 100% similarity level in 2 early coconut varieties GKB 1 and 2 and GWM 1 and 2, but there are also those that came out of the variety group were GOS 1 and GMW 4 accessions with a similarity index value of 96%.
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    Deteksi Gen Tet pada Tanaman Kentang PRG Katahdin Event SP951 dan Hasil Persilangannya dengan PCR
    (KOMISI NASIONAL SUMBER DAYA GENETIK, 2021-09-15) Listanto ...[at al], Edy; Balai Besar Penelitian dan Pengembangan Bioteknologi dan Sumberdaya Genetik Pertanian
    The development of transgenic potato carrying RB gene was conducted through Agrobacterium tumefaciens on Katahdin and have produced transgenic Katahdin event SP951. Hybridization between Atlantic and Granola with transgenic Katahdin event SP951 produced six selected transgenic clones containing RB gene that were resistant to Phytophthora infestans in several confined field trials. Before being released to the market, a transgenic plant should be declared safe for the environment, food and feed. One study of environmental safety is the analysis of environmental risk using laboratory data related to inserted gene. The objective of the research is to analyze the content of Tet gene on the pCLD04541 plasmid that carries RB gene in transgenic Katahdin event SP951 and six selected transgenic hybrid clones using PCR. The results of the analysis showed that six selected transgenic hybrid clones were not indicated Right Border (RB) fragment size 539 bp. Clone 27, 66 and transgenic Katahdin event SP951 (79) produced Left Border (LB) fragment size 246 bp. Six selected transgenic hybrid clones and transgenic Katahdin event SP951 were not produced Tet gene fragment size 452 bp. Six selected transgenic hybrid clones and transgenic Katahdin event SP951 should be safety because did not contain integrated antibiotic gene inside the plant genome.
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    Mutasi Radiasi Kombinasi dengan Kultur In Vitro pada Kedelai Varietas Wilis, Grobogan dan Dering-1 untuk Meningkatkan Keragaman Genetik pada Mutan M2
    (KOMISI NASIONAL SUMBER DAYA GENETIK, 2021-09-15) Lestari; Yunita, Endang Gati; Rossa; Balai Besar Penelitian dan Pengembangan Bioteknologi dan Sumberdaya Genetik Pertanian
    Soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merr.) is one of the important commodities to be developed as a supporter of food and industrial security, but its development is experiencing problems due to its low productivity. To overcome this problem, breeding research is still needed to increase its variability as material for selection. The aim of this research is to irradiate young soybean embryos of Wilis, Grobogan, and Dering-1 varieties for obtaining putative mutants that have better characteristics. The research was carried out at the Cell and Tissue Biology Laboratory of ICABIOGRAD in 2017. The explants used were young soybean embryos of Wilis, Dering-1 and Grobogan varieties. Explants were treated with 4Gy gamma irradiation, then cultured on MS + BA (0.1 and 0.5 mg/l) and Kinetin (0.1 and 0.5 mg/l) media. The resulting plantlets were acclimatized to produce M1 seeds, then the resulting seeds were replanted to produce an M2 mutant population. The results obtained show that the given gamma ray radiation caused inhibition of shoot growth and root formation so that not many plantlets were obtained as well as plantlets that were successfully acclimatized were very limited. The observations result of plant growth (M2) in the greenhouse reveal that there were differences in the yield components of each mutant produced, i.e. plant height, as well as number of branches and pods. From the results obtained, it can be concluded that the radiation dose given was able to produce variations in the yield components, and obtained putative mutant having more pods than the parents.
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    Identifikasi 27 Varietas Cabai Menggunakan Beberapa Jenis Marka Molekuler dan Asosiasinya dengan Ketahanan Antraknosa
    (KOMISI NASIONAL SUMBER DAYA GENETIK, 2021-09-15) Terryana ...[at al], Rerenstradika Tizar; Balai Besar Penelitian dan Pengembangan Bioteknologi dan Sumberdaya Genetik Pertanian
    Chilli is a strategic horticultural commodity in Indonesia with high economic value and needs improvement for anthracnose resistance. Molecular markers availability has increased the development of DNA fingerprinting technology for various objectives, i.e. genetic diversity, varietal identification, and assisting selection stage in plant breeding. This study aimed to identify commercial varieties of chilli in Indonesia using several types of PCR-based molecular markers and their association with anthracnose resistance. A total of 27 chilli varieties consisting of into two species groups (Capsicum annuum L. and C. frutescent L.) were genotyped using 12 molecular markers (8 SNAP (single nucleotide amplified polymorphisms), 2 RAPD (random amplified polymorphic DNA), 1 INDEL (insertions-deletions), and 1 SSR (simple sequence repeats)). Varietal resistance to anthracnose was also tested in vitro using Colletotrichum capsici isolate. The results showed an average polymorphism information content (PIC) value of 0.24 (0.07-0.71). Based on phylogenetic analysis, 27 chilli varieties were divided into two main groups with different genetic similarity coefficients depending on the type of molecular markers. Three sets of molecular markers, which are 8 SNAP markers, a combination of 4 markers (2 RAPD, 1 INDEL, and 1 SSR), and all of the molecular markers used, can clearly distinguish chilli varieties but at different cut points, 0.78, 0, 60 and 0.67, respectively. The combined 4 types of molecular markers showed the highest genetic differentiation value for chilli varieties used. Importantly, OPE18 was significantly associated with resistance to anthracnose, which is promising to assist the selection process in chilli breeding after further assay.
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    Evaluasi Keragaman Karakter Agronomi Tanaman Sorgum Varietas Suri 3 Hasil Iradiasi Sinar Gamma
    (KOMISI NASIONAL SUMBER DAYA GENETIK, 2021-09-15) Budiyanto ...[at al], Nanda P. W.; Balai Besar Penelitian dan Pengembangan Bioteknologi dan Sumberdaya Genetik Pertanian
    Red sorghum variety of Suri 3 has been developed as a food ingredient. The problems of developing the Suri 3 varieties of food raw materials include the low production and non-fluffy taste of this variety. Therefore, genetic diversity improvement was carried out by induced mutation using gamma rays. Radiation using gamma rays for the genetic repair of plants has developed and produced various new varieties of horticulture, food, and plantation crops. This study aims to determine the effect of the radiation on agronomic characters of M2 mutant lines of Suri 3 variety. The study was conducted at the Cikeumeuh Experimental Station of the Center for Agricultural Biotechnology and Genetic Resources Research and Development in Bogor from October 2020 to March 2021. The plant material used in this study was M2 mutant lines of Suri 3 variety from gamma-ray irradiation 0, 40, 50, 60, and 70 Gy. The parameters observed were panicle length, panicle diameter, wet and dry panicle weight, sugar content (brix), and weight of 100 seeds. The observations indicate that there is an effect of radiation dose on changes in agronomic characters. Radiation dose of 40 Gy produced variations in the sugar content (brix), whereas radiation dose of 60 Gy resulted in variations on the traits of panicle length, panicle diameter, wet panicle weight, dry panicle weight, and weight of 100 grain. The results showed that the gamma-ray radiation of 40 and 60 Gy produced characters superior in sugar content (brix), panicle length, panicle diameter, panicle weight, and 100 grain weight.
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    Respon Genotipe Padi Indonesia terhadap Efisiensi Regenerasi dan Transformasi Genetik melalui Agrobacterium tumefaciens
    (KOMISI NASIONAL SUMBER DAYA GENETIK, 2021-09-15) Sisharmini ...[at al], Atmitri; Balai Besar Penelitian dan Pengembangan Bioteknologi dan Sumberdaya Genetik Pertanian
    Biotechnology-based rice breeding, especially genetic engineering, can support the assembly program or improvement of high-yielding varieties. However, controlling the plant regeneration and transformation system is an essential step in the rice genetic engineering process. In addition, the genetic background of rice for genetic engineering also plays a vital role in the efficiency of plant regeneration and transformation. Previous research has shown that Nitrite reductase (NiR) and Glucose dehygrogenase (Gluc) genes affect plant regeneration ability. The purpose of this study was to determine the response of Indonesian rice genotypes to genetic transformation through Agrobacterium tumefaciens and to determine the expression profile of NiR and Gluc genes. The research material used several genotypes of Indonesian rice, namely Fatmawati, Inpari-6, Situ Patenggang, Situ Bagendit, Sarinah, Mekongga, Inpari-32 and Nipponbare varieties as controls. The method used is transformation through Agrobacterium tumefaciens using immature embryos as explants. The results showed that the Nipponbare model rice variety had a transformation efficiency of 53.1%. Among the tested genotypes, Fatmawati and Situ Patenggang were the most efficiently transformed genotypes with an efficiency of 19.5%. At the same time, the genotype of rice that has the lowest transformation efficiency is Inpari-32 at 0.8%. The NiR gene expression profile in the tested rice genotypes showed the same expression level between genotypes, except that in Nipponbare there was an amplicon associated with a high regeneration response. Meanwhile, the Gluc gene expression profile showed different expression levels between genotypes, but it was not related to its regeneration ability. This information is helpful as a reference and consideration in determining the genotype to be used for rice genetic engineering research in Indonesia.