Seminar Nasional Komisi Nasional Sumber Daya Genetik

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Analisa Kandungan Pati 50 Aksesi Plasma Nutfah Ubi Kayu (Manihot esculenta Crantz.) Koleksi Bank Gen Balitbangtan
(KOMISI NASIONAL SUMBER DAYA GENETIK, 2021-09-15) Afza; Kristina, Higa; Dwiatmini; Balai Besar Penelitian dan Pengembangan Bioteknologi dan Sumberdaya Genetik Pertanian
Indonesia is a country that has a high genetic diversity of cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz.) A total of 500 accessions of cassava genetic resources were conserved at Gene Bank-IAARD-ICABIOGAD. Cassava is the main starch producing plant and starch is widely used in food and other industries. The starch content produced by one accession of cassava can be different from other accessions due to differences in genetic factors, climatic factors, harvesting time or ecophysiological factors. In this study, starch analysis was carried out on tubers from 50 accessions of cassava from the Gene Bank field collection in 2016. Tubers were harvested after 8 months planting, which is known as the optimal time for starch development in cassava tubers. The starch from cassava consists of amylose and amylopectin. The ratio of amylose and amylopectin determines the functional properties of cassava starch. The analysis was carried out at the Laboratory of the Central Agro Industry (BBIA) using the hydrolysis method. The starch content of the 50 accessions observed was ranged from 11.9% to 39%. The highest starch content (39%) was obtained from Ubi Roti variety. This variety has a good taste and known as sweet (not bitter) variety thus prefered on various food processing. While bitter cassava with high starch content is not recommended for direct food processing, but suggested to utilize for example as cassava flour or starch-based non-food products, such as glue, artificial wood, plywood and plastic boards.
Analisa Kandungan Pati dan Kadar Air pada Umbi Garut (Maranta arundinacea)
(KOMISI NASIONAL SUMBER DAYA GENETIK, 2021-09-15) Diantina ...[at al], Surya; Balai Besar Penelitian dan Pengembangan Bioteknologi dan Sumberdaya Genetik Pertanian
Garut or arrowroot tubers contain carbohydrate or starch, in particular, that known as functional food and material component in industrial products. This study aims to analyze starch content and water content on 15 arrowroot accessions. Water content was also observed and oven dry method was applied. Dry content was presented by difference with water content. Starch content was analyzed using UV-VIS spectrophotometer. Average water content of 15 arrowroot accessions tested in this study was 74.26%, which the highest was found on accession number 24 (81.74%) and the lowest was found on accession number 15 (68.95%). Six groups of arrowroot accessions were obtained from cluster analysis based on starch content and dry content. High starch and dry contents were found in groups of accessions number 3, 14, 15, 23, and 25. These findings provide information on prospective accessions with high arrowroot starch production.
Analisis Keragaman Genetik Aksesi Ubi Jalar Lokal Menggunakan Marka Simple Sequence Repeat (SSR)
(KOMISI NASIONAL SUMBER DAYA GENETIK, 2021-09-15) Kurniawan ...[at al], Hakim; Balai Besar Penelitian dan Pengembangan Bioteknologi dan Sumberdaya Genetik Pertanian
Indonesia is the second center of origin after South America for sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas (L.) Lamb.) genetic resources, with the highest diversity found in Papua. This commodity is widely cultivated and uses both for food and industrial raw materials in various regions of Indonesia. The objective of this research is to study genetic diversity of sweet potato accessions collected from various areas in Indonesia. A total of 90 accessions of local sweet potatoes collected from Java, Nusa Tenggara, Sulawesi and Papua were used in this study. DNA was extracted and isolated for further molecular analysis using 18 SSR markers. The results showed that of the 18 SSR markers used, 13 markers (72%) were highly informative (PIC>0.73). From the results of the analysis, the average value of the major allele frequency, the number of alleles, gene diversity, heterozygosity and polymorphic information content/PIC were 0.32, 13.7, 0.79, 0.38, and 0.77, respectively. The IBSSR19 marker is known to be the most productive and informative marker because it is able to display the highest number of alleles (27 alleles), the highest gene diversity (0.92) as well as the highest PIC value (0.91). The result of cluster analysis showed that 90 accessions of sweet potato were separated into three groups, each consisting of 32, 46 and 12 accessions. The second group is further separated into two sub-groups, each consists of 20 and 26 accessions. This grouping does not reflect with the provenance of the accessions.
Aplikasi Thidiazuron secara In Vitro terhadap Multiplikasi Tunas Gambir (Uncaria gambir (Hunter) Roxb)
(KOMISI NASIONAL SUMBER DAYA GENETIK, 2021-09-15) Zainal ...[at al], Aprizal; Balai Besar Penelitian dan Pengembangan Bioteknologi dan Sumberdaya Genetik Pertanian
Gambir is one of the export commodities from West Sumatra which has many benefits. This study aimed to obtain the optimum concentration of Thidiazuron (TDZ) on shoot multiplication of gambir through in vitro. The research was conducted in August-October 2020 at the Tissue Culture Laboratory, Faculty of Agriculture, Andalas University. Experiments were prepared using a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) consisting of 5 levels of TDZ treatments and repeated 6 times. Explant in the form of gambir nodes from seed germination through in vitro. The observed data were analyzed with the F-Test at the 5% real level and followed by the Duncan New Multiple Range Test (DNMRT) at the 5% level. The result showed that all TDZ concentrations could produce compound shoots. The 0,40 ppm treatment of TDZ was the best concentration in the observation variabels of the number of shoots per explant, number of leaves per explant, and shoot height in the multiplication of gambir’s shoot.
Biologi Spodoptera frugiperda J.E. Smith (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) pada Pakan Buatan
(KOMISI NASIONAL SUMBER DAYA GENETIK, 2021-09-15) Yuniawati ...[at al], Rafika; Balai Besar Penelitian dan Pengembangan Bioteknologi dan Sumberdaya Genetik Pertanian
Spodoptera frugiperda, fall army worm (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) is a new invasive pest in Indonesia that was discovered in early 2019. This pest had attacked corn plants in the several areas in Indonesia. The objective of this research was to study some aspects biologyof S. frugiperda on artificial diet, such as life cycle, egg incubation period, and female fecundity fed by artificial diet. This research was conducted in under laboratory condition using the observation method. The results showed that life cycle of S. frugiperda was 38+0,20 days; egg incubation period 3,25+0,66; first instar larvae 2,08±0,27 days; second instar larvae 2,42±0,60 days; third instar larvae 1,77±0,51 days; fourth instar larvae 2,11±0,31 days; fifth instar larvae 2,14±0,37 days, sixth instar larvae 3,83±0,74 days; prepupae 1,41±0,49 days; and pupae 8,78±0,91 days. The age of male 5-6 (5,09±0,29) days and female 5-6 (5,12±0,32) days. Female can produce 228±185 eggs during its life. The larvae weight and pupae were observed to 0,338±0,11 and 0,193±0,02 gr, respectively. The sex ratio of S. frugiperda male: female was 1,29: 1. The artificial diet used in this study can be used for propagation of S. frugiperda in the laboratory, and performed shorter lenght of the life cycle of S. frugiperda compared to mass rearing with natural diet.
Deteksi Gen Tet pada Tanaman Kentang PRG Katahdin Event SP951 dan Hasil Persilangannya dengan PCR
(KOMISI NASIONAL SUMBER DAYA GENETIK, 2021-09-15) Listanto ...[at al], Edy; Balai Besar Penelitian dan Pengembangan Bioteknologi dan Sumberdaya Genetik Pertanian
The development of transgenic potato carrying RB gene was conducted through Agrobacterium tumefaciens on Katahdin and have produced transgenic Katahdin event SP951. Hybridization between Atlantic and Granola with transgenic Katahdin event SP951 produced six selected transgenic clones containing RB gene that were resistant to Phytophthora infestans in several confined field trials. Before being released to the market, a transgenic plant should be declared safe for the environment, food and feed. One study of environmental safety is the analysis of environmental risk using laboratory data related to inserted gene. The objective of the research is to analyze the content of Tet gene on the pCLD04541 plasmid that carries RB gene in transgenic Katahdin event SP951 and six selected transgenic hybrid clones using PCR. The results of the analysis showed that six selected transgenic hybrid clones were not indicated Right Border (RB) fragment size 539 bp. Clone 27, 66 and transgenic Katahdin event SP951 (79) produced Left Border (LB) fragment size 246 bp. Six selected transgenic hybrid clones and transgenic Katahdin event SP951 were not produced Tet gene fragment size 452 bp. Six selected transgenic hybrid clones and transgenic Katahdin event SP951 should be safety because did not contain integrated antibiotic gene inside the plant genome.
Deteksi Produk Rekayasa Genetika: Blind Test untuk Sampel Campuran Tepung
(KOMISI NASIONAL SUMBER DAYA GENETIK, 2021-09-15) Polosoro ...[at al], Aqwin; Balai Besar Penelitian dan Pengembangan Bioteknologi dan Sumberdaya Genetik Pertanian
Regulations related to the biosafety of genetically modified products (GMO) are contained in Government Regulation (PP) No. 21 of 2005. Nowadays, 27 products have obtained food safety certificates. With the implementation of these regulations, it is necessary to have a laboratory that can detect GMOs. This research aimed to test the capability of BB Biogen as a GMO detection laboratory in determining the origin of the event and the flour samples sent by Jabatan Kimia Malaysia for the proficiency test. The method used was qualitative PCR using primers and positive controls available at BB Biogen. The results of this test indicate that the flour samples contain soybean and corn plant elements. In addition, the flour has a 35S promoter and a NOS terminator, while MON87988 successfully amplified the target DNA by actual size, indicating that the flour samples tested contained RSS2 (MON89788) soybeans and probably RSS soybeans and/or NK603 maize. The Molecular Biology Laboratory of BB Biogen is capable of detecting the content of GMO material in Blind Test samples.
Efektivitas Parasitoid Anisopteromalus calandrae (Howard, 1881) (Hymenoptera: Pteromalidae) sebagai Agen Biokontrol terhadap Sitophilus oryzae pada Media Jagung
(KOMISI NASIONAL SUMBER DAYA GENETIK, 2021-09-15) Herlina, Lina; Balai Besar Penelitian dan Pengembangan Bioteknologi dan Sumberdaya Genetik Pertanian
Sitophilus oryzae (Linnaeus) is an important pest of stored products serealia. Various control techniques have been made to control this pest, including use of parasitoids as natural enemies. The research of potential of Anisopteromalus calandrae (Howard 1881) as biocontrol agents of pests has been conducted at Insect Specimen Collection Lab in BB Biogen. Parasitoids were identified its morphological characters, and its ability in suppressing the population of S. oryzae was observed using 3 level of parasitoid densities i.e : inoculation of 0 insects, 8 insects, and 12 insects. The results showed that the inoculation of A. calandrae significantly influenced the number of S oryzae emerged, the percentage of intact seeds, and percentage of seed damage after 3 months of storage. The mean of emerging imago S. oryzae on the inoculation of 0, 8 and 12 parasitoids were 192.75 +47.26, 111.75 +29.61 and 48.00 +46.03 respectively. Mean intact seeds in the three treatments respectively were 102.88 + 6.25, 40.75 + 58.08, and 73.75 + 1.39. Mean seed damaged in the three treatments were 106.50 + 11.09, 66.00 + 11.58, and 34.50 +37.35. While mean of frassa in three treatment were 0.55 + 0.44, 0,39 + 0,11, and 0,19 + 0,17 but not sigificantly influenced by the treatment. Overall the experiment results showed that A. calandrae is potential as biocontrol agent to suppress population of S oryzae in maize.
Eksplorasi Dan Karakterisasi Tanaman Teh Tayu (Camellia sinensis L.) di Kabupaten Bangka Barat
(KOMISI NASIONAL SUMBER DAYA GENETIK, 2021-09-15) Wahyuni ...[at al], Tri; Balai Besar Penelitian dan Pengembangan Bioteknologi dan Sumberdaya Genetik Pertanian
The purpose of this research is to obtain data and information about the diversity of morphological characters of Tayu Tea plant in West Bangka. The exploration and characterization of the Tayu Tea plant was carried out in April 2021 in Dusun Tayu, Desa Ketap, West Bangka. This research was conducted using a purposive sampling method based on information from farmers and data from Department of Agriculture and Food of West Bangka. Observational data obtained were analyzed descriptively. The exploration results obtained 2 characters of Tayu Tea in Dusun Tayu, namely Tayu tea with round leaves and Tayu tea with pointed leaves. Tayu tea with pointed leaves has a leaf length of 67.8 mm and there is anthocyanin staining on the petiole while the round leaf tea has a leaf length of 33 mm and there is no anthocyanin staining on the petiole.
Evaluasi Beberapa Varietas Unggul Baru Padi terhadap Cekaman Anaerob Germination
(KOMISI NASIONAL SUMBER DAYA GENETIK, 2021-09-15) Wening ...[at al], Rina Hapsari; Balai Besar Penelitian dan Pengembangan Bioteknologi dan Sumberdaya Genetik Pertanian
Global climate change that often occurs has an impact on the difficulty of predicting the intensity of floods that can occur in rice fields. This results in submergence in rice crops, such as at the time of nursery, so that varieties which tolerant to anaerobic germination (AG) are needed. This study aims to obtain information on the AG tolerance of new high yielding rice varieties. The experiment was carried out in the greenhouse of ICRR in March 2021. The genetic material used was 9 high yielding varieties and 4 comparison varieties. KHO and Ciherang AG varieties were applied as AG tolerant comparisons, while IR64 and IR42 were used as sensitive comparisons. The experiment was arranged using completely randomized group design (RKLT) with 3 replications in 2 treatments or environmental conditions, namely optimal and AG-stressed. The results showed that there was significant differences between environments on the survival rate, plant height and wet weight of plants at the age of 12 days after anaerobic treatment. Based on the sensitivity index value on the viability character on day 12, the Inpara 3 variety had the best tolerance to AG stress, equivalent to KHO.
Evaluasi Keragaman Karakter Agronomi Tanaman Sorgum Varietas Suri 3 Hasil Iradiasi Sinar Gamma
(KOMISI NASIONAL SUMBER DAYA GENETIK, 2021-09-15) Budiyanto ...[at al], Nanda P. W.; Balai Besar Penelitian dan Pengembangan Bioteknologi dan Sumberdaya Genetik Pertanian
Red sorghum variety of Suri 3 has been developed as a food ingredient. The problems of developing the Suri 3 varieties of food raw materials include the low production and non-fluffy taste of this variety. Therefore, genetic diversity improvement was carried out by induced mutation using gamma rays. Radiation using gamma rays for the genetic repair of plants has developed and produced various new varieties of horticulture, food, and plantation crops. This study aims to determine the effect of the radiation on agronomic characters of M2 mutant lines of Suri 3 variety. The study was conducted at the Cikeumeuh Experimental Station of the Center for Agricultural Biotechnology and Genetic Resources Research and Development in Bogor from October 2020 to March 2021. The plant material used in this study was M2 mutant lines of Suri 3 variety from gamma-ray irradiation 0, 40, 50, 60, and 70 Gy. The parameters observed were panicle length, panicle diameter, wet and dry panicle weight, sugar content (brix), and weight of 100 seeds. The observations indicate that there is an effect of radiation dose on changes in agronomic characters. Radiation dose of 40 Gy produced variations in the sugar content (brix), whereas radiation dose of 60 Gy resulted in variations on the traits of panicle length, panicle diameter, wet panicle weight, dry panicle weight, and weight of 100 grain. The results showed that the gamma-ray radiation of 40 and 60 Gy produced characters superior in sugar content (brix), panicle length, panicle diameter, panicle weight, and 100 grain weight.
Evaluasi Metode Skrining untuk Cekaman Kekeringan pada Aksesi Lokal Padi Gogo
(KOMISI NASIONAL SUMBER DAYA GENETIK, 2021-09-15) Andarini ...[at al], Yusi Nurmalita; Balai Besar Penelitian dan Pengembangan Bioteknologi dan Sumberdaya Genetik Pertanian
One of the potential sources of variability for assembling new rice varieties for stressful environments is local accessions that have well-adapted to a particular area. IAARD Gene Bank is one of the institutions that conserve ex-situ various types of local accessions, one of which is upland rice. To explore the genetic potential of local accessions of upland rice, an efficient and effective method for germplasm screening is needed. This study aimed to evaluate the screening method of local upland rice germplasm against drought stress. A total of nine accessions of local upland rice were evaluated for their tolerance to drought at various stress levels based on the gravimetric method. The research was conducted in the greenhouse of ICABIOGRAD Bogor during June-September 2017. The experimental was designed in a split-plot, consisted of four levels of field capacity as the main plot and nine accessions of local upland rice as sub-plots with three replications. The results showed that none of the accessions survived at 25% field capacity. Meanwhile, at 75% and 50% field capacity, the results varied among the accessions tested with higher plant survival percentages at 75% field capacity. The results obtained from this study can be used as initial useful information regarding the genetic potential of local upland rice accessions to drought stress. The screening method evaluated in this study can also be implemented as recommendations for the application of screening method for other local upland rice accessions collected the IAARD Gene Bank.
Hasil Polong Plasma Nutfah Kacang Tanah (Arachis hypogaea L.) asal Pulau Jawa
(KOMISI NASIONAL SUMBER DAYA GENETIK, 2021-09-15) Hariyadi ...[at al], Try Zulchi Prasetiyo; Balai Besar Penelitian dan Pengembangan Bioteknologi dan Sumberdaya Genetik Pertanian
Groundnut germplasm is a genetic source that can be utilized in plant breeding programs. One of the pre-breeding activities is the identification of germplasm. This study aims to determine the yield of groundnut germplasm pods from Java Island. A total of 46 accessions of groundnuts were planted in Cikeumeuh Experimental Station at Bogor from May to August 2017. The experimental plots were 1.2 x 3 m in size with one seed per planting hole. Each accession was planted with a spacing of 40 x 20 cm. The results showed that the groundnut germplasm had quite varied characters in plant height and empty pods. The number of filled pods reaches 25 pieces; the 100 seed weights ranged from 31-60 g; and the pods weight per plant reached 32 g; while the total weight of pods per m2 ranged from 450 to 1600 g. Variations in the seed color are rose, red, and purple. A positive correlation was found between the number of branches and the pods number and pods weight per plant. The highest yield of groundnut pods was found in accession of AH 703 Si from Subang, M/M line and E/M line from Bogor.
Identifikasi 27 Varietas Cabai Menggunakan Beberapa Jenis Marka Molekuler dan Asosiasinya dengan Ketahanan Antraknosa
(KOMISI NASIONAL SUMBER DAYA GENETIK, 2021-09-15) Terryana ...[at al], Rerenstradika Tizar; Balai Besar Penelitian dan Pengembangan Bioteknologi dan Sumberdaya Genetik Pertanian
Chilli is a strategic horticultural commodity in Indonesia with high economic value and needs improvement for anthracnose resistance. Molecular markers availability has increased the development of DNA fingerprinting technology for various objectives, i.e. genetic diversity, varietal identification, and assisting selection stage in plant breeding. This study aimed to identify commercial varieties of chilli in Indonesia using several types of PCR-based molecular markers and their association with anthracnose resistance. A total of 27 chilli varieties consisting of into two species groups (Capsicum annuum L. and C. frutescent L.) were genotyped using 12 molecular markers (8 SNAP (single nucleotide amplified polymorphisms), 2 RAPD (random amplified polymorphic DNA), 1 INDEL (insertions-deletions), and 1 SSR (simple sequence repeats)). Varietal resistance to anthracnose was also tested in vitro using Colletotrichum capsici isolate. The results showed an average polymorphism information content (PIC) value of 0.24 (0.07-0.71). Based on phylogenetic analysis, 27 chilli varieties were divided into two main groups with different genetic similarity coefficients depending on the type of molecular markers. Three sets of molecular markers, which are 8 SNAP markers, a combination of 4 markers (2 RAPD, 1 INDEL, and 1 SSR), and all of the molecular markers used, can clearly distinguish chilli varieties but at different cut points, 0.78, 0, 60 and 0.67, respectively. The combined 4 types of molecular markers showed the highest genetic differentiation value for chilli varieties used. Importantly, OPE18 was significantly associated with resistance to anthracnose, which is promising to assist the selection process in chilli breeding after further assay.
Inisiasi dan Multiplikasi Tunas Rumput Gajah (Pennisetum purpureum) secara In Vitro pada Konsentrasi IBA Berbeda
(KOMISI NASIONAL SUMBER DAYA GENETIK, 2021-09-15) Husni ...[at al], Ali; Balai Besar Penelitian dan Pengembangan Bioteknologi dan Sumberdaya Genetik Pertanian
The objective of this research was to find out the effect of IBA concentration on the initiation and multiplication of elephant grass shoot explant through in vitro. The research was conducted from December 2019 to May 2020 at the Tissue Culture Laboratory, ICABIOGRAD. The research used one factor completely randomized design. The treatment in the initiation stages were used the different IBA concentrations (ppm), namely A0 (0), A1 (0.01), A2 (0.1), and A3 (1). In the multiplication stage there were B1 (1), B2 (2), and B3 (3). The result of this research indicates that there is no significant effect of any response design at the initiation stage. On the other hand, the result of the average value of explant growth showed that the use of IBA 1 ppm (A1) was more dominant (number of shoot, leave, and root) than the other concentrations. Then A2 treatment (IBA 0.1 ppm) was more dominant in the response to leaf length that was 7.51 cm and explant length that was 8.55 cm. In the multiplication stage, there was growth in the average number of shoots (1.8) shoots at the end of the multiplication stage. After that, in response to the number of leaves, there was also growth in the average number of leaves (3.93) at the final stage of multiplication. Moreover, there was growth in the average value of the number of roots for each stage with an average value of 3.23 roots in the final stage of multiplication.
Inventarisasi dan Koleksi Jenis-Jenis Anggrek di Beberapa Kawasan Konservasi di Kabupaten Pelalawan, Riau
(KOMISI NASIONAL SUMBER DAYA GENETIK, 2021-09-15) Wahyuni ; Puspitaningtyas, Sri; Dwi Murti; Balai Besar Penelitian dan Pengembangan Bioteknologi dan Sumberdaya Genetik Pertanian
Orchid is one of the most popular ornamental plants. The destruction of forest ecosystems causes natural orchids in the wild to be threatened with extinction. So it is necessary to carry out conservation activities both in situ and ex situ. This study aims to inventory and collect orchid species in several conservation areas in Pelalawan Regency. This research was conducted on 27 August-15 September 2018 in Tesso Nilo National Park, Rimbo Baleeng and Rimbo Salak City Forest, forest area in Teluk Meranti, Tasik Anggrek forest in Pelalawan, forest area in Ukui and Pangkalan Lesung sub-district. The research was conducted by exploration, observation and collection acivities with purposive sampling method. The exploration activities were carried out in each forest area to determine species diversity, habitus, numbers of specimen, presence or absence of flowers and fruit, and habitat conditions. The data are presented in the form of qualitative, descriptive and photos documentation. The results of the research obtained 68 collection numbers from 16 genera, which are Acriopsis, Agrostophyllum, Bromheadia, Bulbophyllum, Calanthe, Claderia, Cleisostoma, Dendrobium, Dipodium, Eulophia, Goodyera, Gramatopyllum, Liparis, Pomatocalpa, Thecostele, and Trichoglottis. The 44 number of collections were identified to the species level were 27 species included in 16 genera, while the 24 collections were only identified to the genera level. The most common species of orchids are Bulbophyllum spp. and Dendrobium spp. Mostly orchid collections were found from the forest area in Teluk Meranti. The live specimens of orchids were collected and conserved in the Pelalawan Botanic Gardens, Riau.
Inventarisasi Tumbuhan Penunjang Tradisi Adat Batak Toba di Balige Kabupaten Toba Sumatera Utara
(KOMISI NASIONAL SUMBER DAYA GENETIK, 2021-09-15) Simatupang ...[at al], Sortha; Balai Besar Penelitian dan Pengembangan Bioteknologi dan Sumberdaya Genetik Pertanian
The Batak tribe is an indigenous people in North Sumatra. The Toba Batak tribe is a sub or part of the Batak tribe originating from Toba Regency, North Sumatra. In practice, the Toba Batak people often use plants for their traditional ceremonies.This study aims to reveal the knowledge and use of plants supporting traditional rituals/ceremonies according to the perspective of the Toba Batak people. Ethnobotany data were obtained by interviewing traditional leaders and elders in Sangkar Ni Huta Village, Balige District, Toba Regency. The selection of respondents was done purposively. Data was collected through in-depth interviews, participatory observation and inventory with informants, as well as focus group discussions. The collected data were presented descriptively. The results showed that the Toba Batak tribe used 10 plant species from 9 families which were used by them to support the implementation of their traditional customs. Plants were taken from the environment around them. Some of these plants were deliberately planted in the yard or in the fields, some were wild plants. Parts of plants used for traditional ceremonies of the Batak Toba people were fruit: 2 species of fruit (ie rice and kangaroo grass); leaves : 6 species (ie Fragrant Screwpine, betel, Iler , banyan leaf/fig tree leaf with its branches, palm leaf with its midrib, hanjuang leaf with its stem), whole plant: 2 species ( lily and iris). The most dominant plant species used in traditional Batak Toba ceremonies is rice.
Isolasi dan Identifikasi Molekuler Khamir yang Berkemampuan Memfermentasi Xilosa untuk Produksi Bioetanol Generasi Kedua
(KOMISI NASIONAL SUMBER DAYA GENETIK, 2021-09-15) Jamaluddin ...[at al], Jamaluddin; Balai Besar Penelitian dan Pengembangan Bioteknologi dan Sumberdaya Genetik Pertanian
Xylose is the second most abundant sugar after glucose from the hydrolysis of lignocellulosic agricultural waste. The application of microorganisms that ferment xylose and glucose is the main key for the production of second generation bioethanol. Yeasts are commonly used in the production of bioethanol only use glucose. This study aims to isolate and screen yeasts capable of fermenting xylose and glucose from fermented foods, and to identify them molecularly. Isolation of yeast using the spread method on YPXA (Yeast Potato Xylose Agar) and YPGA (Yeast Potato Glucose Agar) media. Yeasts that grow were evaluated its ability to produce ethanol using YPX and YPG liquid, whereas the molecular identification of yeasts were done with using ITS region sequence and PCR-RAPD analysis. Fermentation substrates and products were measured using HPLC. There were 24 isolates from four types of fermented foods using YPXA media and 22 isolates using YPGA media. KBKTI 10.5.1 isolate produced the highest ethanol yield from xylose fermentation, which was 16.84% per four days. TSX2 10-4.1.5 isolate was able to consume 12.72 g/L of xylose per four days with the product ethanol of 0.27 g/L. The best isolate to ferment glucose was DBY1 with 44.09% ethanol yield in four days fermentation. Yeasts isolates that ferment xylose are known to be Candida tropicalis, Cyberlindnera jadini, Wickerhamomyces anomalus, while the best species that ferment glucose is Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Pichia anomala. The yeast obtained has the potential for bioethanol production using lignocellulosic hydrolyzate.
Itik Alabio Plasma Nutfah Kalimantan Selatan: Potensi, Permasalahan, dan Upaya Pelestariannya
(KOMISI NASIONAL SUMBER DAYA GENETIK, 2021-09-15) Hilmawan ...[at al], Fiqy; Balai Besar Penelitian dan Pengembangan Bioteknologi dan Sumberdaya Genetik Pertanian
Alabio duck (Anas platyrhynchos Borneo) is one of local germplasm from South Kalimantan. Alabio duck that is currently developing in South Kalimantan is a natural selection carried out by breeders from generation to generation, so it needs to be protected and preserved. The purpose of this paper is to study the potency and problem of preserving Alabio duck in South Kalimantan. Research design conducts by descriptive analysis based on literature study. Alabio ducks have potential as laying ducks and broiler ducks (dual purpose) where the population is almost spread throughout South Kalimantan, even in Central Kalimantan and East Kalimantan. Raising Alabio ducks has been cultivated for generations by generations in South Kalimantan. This livestock business has led to business specialization, there are breeder, hatchery, laying and rearing. The problems in the development of Alabio ducks include the lack of standardization of good breeding quality, product quality (duck) is still diverse, lack of recording knowledge in farmers, postharvest handling and institutional systems in farmers that are not optimal, and disease attack of Alabio ducks. The efforts to preserve Alabio ducks are conducting special mapping of the development and purification areas of Alabio ducks that are adapted to the specialization of livestock business and the establishment of village breeding centers. In addition, counseling/dissemination is carried out on livestock cultivation such as the importance of recording livestock, screening superior breeds, using quality feed and based on local feed ingredients, disease prevention and control, a good Alabio duck breeding system, optimizing a good mating system and monitoring of strict livestock traffic.
Kajian Keanekaragaman Morfologi, Komposisi Proksimat, Karotenoid, dan Saponin Tiga Aksesi Ubi Jalar di Indonesia
(KOMISI NASIONAL SUMBER DAYA GENETIK, 2021-09-15) Haryati ; Sabda, Titin; Muhammad; Balai Besar Penelitian dan Pengembangan Bioteknologi dan Sumberdaya Genetik Pertanian
Morphological properties, proximal compositions, total carotenoids and triterpenoids saponins of three accessions of Indonesian sweet potatoes (Ipomoea batatas L) were investigated. Morphological characteristics such as type and colour of stem, shape of tuber, skin and colour of flesh have been determined. The proximate composition, dry matter, carbohydrates, ashes, crude fibres, fats, reducing sugars, proteins, starch content and starch swelling ability were determined using the AOAC method. The total carotenoid content was analyzed by spectrophotometry, whereas the triterpenoid saponin content was analyzed by HPLC-DAD. These accessions had various flesh colors: e.g. IB. 01273 is light yellow, IB. 00704 is white, and IB. 00386 beige. Stem type and leaf colour are uniform, while tuber shape and skin colour are more diverse. The dry matter content ranged from 40.16 to 44.85 %, carbohydrates 36.53 to 39.9 %, ashes 0.82 to 1.66 %, crude fibres 2.46 to 4.64 %, fats 0.082 to 0, 48 %, reducing sugars 4.08 to 4.98 %, proteins 2.76 to 3.43 %, starch 17, 32% to 24.63%, and starch swelling capacity from 30.77% to 52.69%. In this study, starch from accession IB. 00704 has the highest swelling capacity, which has shown its suitability for use in the bakery and pasta industry. Whereas accession IB 01273 had the highest levels of carotenoid and total saponin. Secondary metabolites are linked to the properties of plant resistance to stressful conditions. Furthermore, secondary metabolites have a variety of bioactivities such as antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and anti-cancer. The highest protein level was obtained at accession IB. 00308. Protein content reflects tuber structural proteins (sporamin) and enzymes (amylase). The genotype of each accession is unique and distinctive. Exploration and characterization of local accessions of Indonesian sweet potato can preserve genetic resources and support food security programmes.

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