Information System and Exchanges of Genetic Resources for Effective Crop Improvement

Permanent URI for this collection

https://repository.pertanian.go.id/handle/123456789/12016

Browse

Now showing 1 - 20 of 50

Agronomic performance of several doubled-haploid lines derived from anther culture of black rice × white rice
(IAARD Press, 2020) Dewi, I S ...[at al]; Balai Besar Penelitian dan Pengembangan Bioteknologi dan Sumberdaya Genetik Pertanian
Black rice is a well-known type of rice in Indonesia, but its availability is still limited. So far, only one black rice variety that has been released by rice breeders. Recently, public demand for black rice increases due to its health benefits. Therefore, the development of new variety of black rice is needed. Anther culture is often used to accelerate the process in obtaining homozygous lines in the form of doubled-haploid (DH) plants for rice breeding. This research aimed to evaluate the agronomic performance of several DH lines derived from anther culture. The experiment was conducted at Sukamandi, West Java, during the dry season of 2017. Plant materials used in this study were 13 DH lines derived from anther culture of F1s and five improved varieties as control. The F1s were obtained from crosses between local black rice Melik with two white rice varieties, Inpari 13 or Fatmawati. The experiment was conducted in a randomized complete block design with three replications. Observation was conducted on plant height, number of productive tiller, days to flower, days to harvest, panicle length, number of grain per panicle, number of filled and empty grain number per panicle, yield, and pericarp color. The results showed that plant height, number of tillers, yield and yield components of DH lines were significantly different compared to some of the control varieties. Ten DH lines were similar in yield compared to Inpari 13, but five of them produced higher yield than Inpari 13. Days to flower of DH lines and control varieties were similar (75-89 days). The pericarp color of DH lines varies from dark purple to reddish-brown (maroon).
Agronomic performance of soybean mutant lines based on preliminary and advance yield at dryland area
(IAARD Press, 2020) Asadi ...[at al]; Balai Besar Penelitian dan Pengembangan Bioteknologi dan Sumberdaya Genetik Pertanian
Since 2013, researchers at ICABIOGRAD have established a development program for soybean varieties with bigger seeds, medium maturity and high productivity through crosspollination combined with mutation by γ irradiation. In 2016, about 36 homozygous M6 lines with high productivity and excellent agronomic characteristics were selected for subsequent preliminary and advanced yield test. The research aimed to study the agronomic performance of mutant lines (M6 and M7) and to select the best lines that will be used for adaptation testing at different locations and environments. The study was conducted at the Village of Gunung Menyan, Pamijahan Sub-district, Bogor during the first and second planting season of 2017. The experiment was arranged in a randomized block design with three replications. During the first planting season of 2017, a preliminary yield testing was conducted on 36 M6 lines along with 4 check varieties. For the second season, 20 lines were selected along with 4 check varieties to be tested for advanced yield testing at the same location and method. Advanced yield trial showed that nine mutant soybean lines produced higher yields with excellent agronomic performance, which were 15−26% higher than Panderman's check varieties and 27−31% higher than the Anjasmoro check variety. The nine selected soybean line were SSDC- M7-342-10, SSD-C-M7-350-18, SSD-D-M7-372-14, SSD-E-M7-387-1, Bulk-C-M7-458, Bulk-C-M7-493-1, Bulk-C-M7-493-20, Bulk-C-M7-499 and SSD-E-M7-404-18. These selected lines will be further assayed for adaptation at different locations and environments in the following year.
Animal genetic resources (AnGR) in Mozambique
(IAARD Press, 2020) Cumbula D. ...[at al]; Balai Besar Penelitian dan Pengembangan Bioteknologi dan Sumberdaya Genetik Pertanian
Mozambique is a country on the eastern coast of Southern Africa, where livestock plays an important role in the agriculture sector, due to its contribution to socio-economic development and poverty reduction. Given the variations in climate, soil fertility, rainfall pattern and altitude among the different areas, the country is divided into ten agroecological regions, each one with its own characteristic production systems and livestock breeds. In the family sector, livestock is mostly composed of indigenous breeds: Landim cattle, goats, pigs and chicken, Angoni and Bovino de Tete cattle breeds and Pafuri goat. In order to restore the quantity and quality of the genetic resources of indigenous breeds and promote their conservation and sustainable use, the country is carrying out several actions and activities, including public awareness campaigns about the importance of indigenous breeds and the need for their conservation, inclusion of AnGR issues in the curriculum of universities and agricultural colleges, characterization of AnGR collection and conservation of semen from native bulls.
Application of induced mutation technique to improve genetic variability of Indonesian traditional rice varieties
(IAARD Press, 2020) Dewi, A K ...[at al]; Balai Besar Penelitian dan Pengembangan Bioteknologi dan Sumberdaya Genetik Pertanian
The development of rice genotype is vital to guarantee food security to cope with global climate changes and increasing population growth. Biodiversity is spread throughout the Indonesian archipelago. Many Indonesian local varieties are resistant to biotic and abiotic stresses that may be useful for rice breeding program. They are well-adapted to specific environment and have good aroma and eating quality, but have some weaknesses, such as late maturity, susceptible to lodging, unresponsive to fertilizer and low yield. Induced mutation breeding is useful for increasing genetic variability to develop genotypes with several interesting agronomical characters and yield. Center for Isotope and Radiation Application, National Nuclear Energy Agency (CIRA-NNEA) has been conducting the induced mutation technique for genetic improvement of rice. Pandan Putri, an early maturing mutant variety that was derived from irradiated Pandan Wangi variety from Cianjur area, is one of successful improvements of traditional rice varieties using mutation technique. The other success stories are described in this paper. It is concluded that nuclear technology can be applied for induced mutation breeding to improve several agronomical traits.
Characterization of 337 exon-based single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) unique to the Indonesian soybean varieties
(IAARD Press, 2020) Balai Besar Penelitian dan Pengembangan Bioteknologi dan Sumberdaya Genetik Pertanian
Genome resequencing of five Indonesian soybean varieties resulted in a total of 2,597,286 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), 257,598 insertions, and 202,157 deletions. Out of those SNPs, only 95,207 (2.15%) were located in the protein-coding region (exon). The objective of this study was to characterize 337 exon-based SNPs unique to the Indonesian soybean varieties. The study was conducted by taking SNP samples located in the exons using criteria of gene fragments containing the SNPs that were sequenced at least five times within each of the soybean varieties. Out of 95,154 gene-based SNPs detected, only 337 SNPs met the criteria. Each of the soybean varieties was genotyped with the 337 SNP loci, and the genotypic data were scored and analyzed. Results showed that 59 SNPs were common to all five soybean genotypes. A total of 43, 41, 25, 32 and 28 SNPs loci were unique to soybean genotype Davros, Grobogan, Malabar, Tambora and B3293, respectively. These unique SNPs can function as DNA fingerprints for each variety. Out of 59 common SNPs, 24 SNPs were mutations that change the amino acid sequence of the encoded proteins. These genes with amino acid change may have high economic values such as those controlling soybean adaptation in tropical climate, photoperiod insensitivity, disease and insect resistance genes. Expression analyses of the genes with amino acid change showed variation in the expression pattern across different soybean tissues. Functional genomic analysis is necessary to isolate genes useful for breeding purposes.
Community-based access and benefit-sharing platform and its role in biodiversity, culture and intellectual property rights
(IAARD Press, 2020) Atsali, S S Atsali S S; Balai Besar Penelitian dan Pengembangan Bioteknologi dan Sumberdaya Genetik Pertanian
The world is experiencing a paradigm shift towards new technical uses of genetic resources (GR), which is likely to have a significant impact on communities across the world. These new technologies comprise genome sequencing, gene editing, computational biology, nanotechnology among others, yet the technological innovation driving this shift is occurring only among a few elite, high-tech innovation actors, high-end universities, companies and research institutions. Kenya is a member of the World Trade Organizations (WTO) Agreement on Trade-Related Aspects of Intellectual Property RightsTRIPS and party to the Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD) and its Cartagena and Nagoya Protocols. This survey interrogated constitutional provisions concerning Biodiversity, Culture and Intellectual (BCI) property rights, with a view of promoting community-based Access and Benefit-Sharing (ABS) platform. It highlights provisions of Articles 11, 40.5 and 69 of the constitution and interrogates the Protection of Traditional Knowledge and Cultural Expressions Act of 2016 that aims at ensuring compliance with these constitutional provision and aims at building trust between users and providers of traditional knowledge, associated GR and traditional cultural expressions and creating a sui generis mechanism for the protection of traditional knowledge and cultural expressions. In this survey, GR are defined as microorganisms, plants and animal materials, including indigenous seeds, genetic plant varieties and traditional animal breeds.
Construction of DNA fingerprint for chili pepper varieties using SNAP markers
(IAARD Press, 2020) Terryana, R T. ...[at al]; Balai Besar Penelitian dan Pengembangan Bioteknologi dan Sumberdaya Genetik Pertanian
Establishing the genetic identity of crop varieties has been considered essential for protecting plant breeder and farmer rights, particularly in developing countries like Indonesia. DNA fingerprint using molecular markers is important to give an unambiguous characteristic pattern as a valuable tool for genetic identification. In this study, eight Single Nucleotide Amplified Polymorphism (SNAP) markers were developed and applied to fingerprint 23 varieties of chili pepper. Polymorphism Information Content (PIC) detected in each primer ranged from 0.14 to 0.36 with an average of 0.17. The average of gene diversity was 0.20 among all varieties for total SNAP markers. A phylogenetic tree was subsequently constructed based on their genotypic scores for selected six markers, which separated the 23 varieties into three major groups. The cluster consisted of 2, 5 or 16 varieties. The DNA fingerprints were translated into capital letters representing presence and absence of allele, and they revealed the specific identity of five varieties. A number of varieties possessed the same DNA fingerprint profiles indicating their close genetic distance. Eventhough these SNAP markers were not able to distinguish each variety according to its unique allelic composition, this study could serve as preliminary information to establish genetic fingerprints of chili pepper varieties in Indonesia. Similar studies in the future will benefit from the SNAP found in this study.
CRISPR/Cas9 system for disruption of biochemical pathway for sterol synthesis in Artemisia annua L.
(IAARD Press, 2020) Koerniati, S ...[at al]; Balai Besar Penelitian dan Pengembangan Bioteknologi dan Sumberdaya Genetik Pertanian
WHO recommends artemisinin-based combination therapy for curing malaria which is still a health problem in Indonesia. Artemisia annua L. is the primary source for artemisinin comes from subtropical China and India. Some introduction materials are grown in Indonesia, but they produce low concentration of artemisinin. Artemisinin synthesis uses the isoprenoid pathway, in which farnesyl diphospate (FDP) serves as the main precursor. FDP is the main precursor for sterol synthesis as well. The gene controls sterol biosynthesis is Squalene synthase (SQS). So then SQS is considered a competitive gene for artemisinin biosynthesis. CRISPR/cas9 is the most advanced system for genome editing, and can be used to induce a targeted-mutation. The aim of this research was to elevate Artemisinin content through disruption of the biochemical pathway of sterol synthesis using CRISPR/Cas9. Materials and methods used were as follows. Artemisia CRISPR/Cas9 seeds were processed and grown in selection medium and then soil. Seventy-seven Artemisia kanamycin resistant lines were produced. Fifty-two (of 77) lines were confirmed to have T-DNA by PCR with SQS-Fn and SQS-Rn primers, produced about 710 bp DNA fragment. By using SQS-Fs and SQS-Rs primers, those produced shorter DNA fragments (about 470 bp). A high-resolution electrophoresis QIAxcel was applied to identify for any nucleotide difference occured in PCR product of lines. Results showed that 44 lines (84.61%) have varied sizes with one to three nucleotides differences compared to control (plasmid, 468 bp). By assuming this analysis was right, it may be said that mutations has occured in SQS gene of Artemisia lines due to the CRISPR/Cas9.
Current status of Aceh jernang (Daemonorops sp.) and its traditional conservation efforts
(IAARD Press, 2020) Andini R. ...[at al]; Balai Besar Penelitian dan Pengembangan Bioteknologi dan Sumberdaya Genetik Pertanian
Dragon’s blood or ‘jernang' (in Indonesian language) is referred to the deep and bright red resin obtained from the seeds of rattan palm (Daemonorops). Three species of this genus, i.e. D. draco (Willd.) Blume, D. didymophilla and D. Micracantha, are highly value commodity due to their larger fruits and longer fructescences. Dragon’s blood has been known in the traditional ancient Chinese medicines as haemostatic agent, antidiarrheal, antiulcer, antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory. Particularly the dracorhodin, a valuable bioactive substance, is closely associated with antitumour and wound healing activity and other industrial need. The distribution of Daemonorops is limited to Malaysia, Thailand and western Indonesia, especially in Sumatra. Harvesting D. draco seeds has been served as traditional livelihood for some local tribes and farmers in Aceh Province. Resin extracted from Aceh jernang is classified as excellent due to higher content of dracorhodin, but its processing method is still conducted in a very traditional way. The forests in Aceh are suitable for jernang to thrive, but jernang population is decreasing due to deforestation and inappropriate harvesting. Unless conservation efforts are done, jernang might extinct in the near future. Over the past few years, some local farmers have realized the importance of jernang in their livelihoods, and hence they take part in the conservation. This paper dealt with the efforts between a local jernang company, CV Draco Industrial Agribusiness (DIA Group), with Unsyiah in the traditional jernang conservation program.
Decision support system based on database system of genetic resources for Central Kalimantan local crops to develop ex situ and in situ conservation
(IAARD Press, 2020) Bhermana, A ...[at al]; Balai Besar Penelitian dan Pengembangan Bioteknologi dan Sumberdaya Genetik Pertanian
The results of exploration and inventory of local crop genetic resources from Central Kalimantan have been compiled into a genetic resource database system. The data and other information that have been integrated into a database system can be further developed systematically to become a decision support system so that it can be utilized as a useful tool in decision making. This system can be built by combining data, models and analytical tools in an application system with a user-friendly interface. This system can be utilized in the preparation of genetic resources development planning, such as for the determination of location for in situ and ex situ conservation areas in Central Kalimantan. The objective of this study was to develop such system, through the application of MS Access database as the Database Management System (DBMS) for storage (repository) and accessing database system applications that have been prepared interactively. The System is systematically designed to include geographic information system and based on the spatial analysis which can provide guidance and recommendation for zoning areas based on the suitability of plant commodities, both inside and outside of their natural habitat environment.
Development of Laos Khao Kai Noi rice landrace (Oryza sativa L.) core collection as a model for rice genetic resources management in the Laos National Genebank
(IAARD Press, 2020) Vilayheuang K. ...[at a]; Balai Besar Penelitian dan Pengembangan Bioteknologi dan Sumberdaya Genetik Pertanian
Khao Kai Noi rice is considered as an elite quality landrace in Laos, which has led to its germplasm conservation in the Laos National Genebank. As happens with other germplasm collections, a manageable yet representative sub collection has become an essential element for researchers and breeders to simplify many activities, including those related to crop improvement, phenotype-genotype correlation and determination of diversity hotspots. In this study, 109 accessions were used as a test collection for core collection development to determine the feasibility of collection reduction in a closely related rice group. Three core collections were developed by two established methodologies and evaluated by diversity indexes, allele retention, phylogenetic distribution and geographical location. Based on SSR molecular markers and PowerCore, a reduction to 24 accessions was achieved with the conservation of complete genetic diversity. A K-means based on reduction to 24 accessions rendered slightly lesser results while based on 12 accessions resulted in a 17% diversity loss. These core collections may be useful for genebank management, research and breeding activities in the future. Also, they may as well serve to estimate core collection development behavior in other landraces and cultivars, which is fundamental in genetic resources management and utilization.
Development of physical color reference for Indonesia paddy collection
(IAARD Press, 2020) Hidayatun N. ...[at al]; Balai Besar Penelitian dan Pengembangan Bioteknologi dan Sumberdaya Genetik Pertanian
One of the objectives of genebank management is to maintain the genetic identity of its collection. In order to maintain the genetic identity, it is important to check new seed against a reference collection. A simple morphological character for determining the reference collection is the color of lemma and palea. Lemma and palea is a pair of bract-like organ in the floret and have similar pattern of pigmentation and therefore can be treated together. The color of lemma and palea determine the seed color. To develop reference collection for grain color characterization of rice germplasm in the Indonesian Center for Agricultural Biotechnology and Genetic Resources Research and Development (ICABIOGRAD) Genebank, 1,000 sample of seeds produced from different year of regeneration are characterized based on the lemma and color categories of the IRRI guidelines for the characterization and evaluation system. Samples of each category were then arranged and photographed. From 11 categories of lemma and palea color described in the guidelines, there are six color categories available from genebank rice collection, whereas five color categories were not found. The six available color categories were straw, golden, brown spot in the straw background, brown line in the straw background, brown, orange-brown and black. Five color categories were not found in the collections i.e. red-purple, purple spots on straw, purple line on straw, purple and white. This material reference could be used for characterization of Indonesian rice. The seeds of the absent categories might need to be aquisitated to the genebank to complete the reference collection.
Digital object identifier (DOI) application for rice germplasm collection at Yogyakarta AIAT
(IAARD Press, 2020) Widyayanti, S ...[at al]; Balai Besar Penelitian dan Pengembangan Bioteknologi dan Sumberdaya Genetik Pertanian
In 2014, local rice exploration survey identified 76 local rice accessions from Yogyakarta. These local rice collections have been stored in Yogyakarta AIAT cooler facilities. Yogyakarta AIAT has assigned the digital object identifier (DOI) to 55 of its local rice collections. The assignation of DOI will be useful for the local rice collection for their availability for transfer with the Standard Material Transfer Agreement (SMTA) in the Multilateral System (MLS) of Access and Benefit-Sharing (ABS) of the International Treaty on Plant Genetic Resources for Food and Agriculture (ITPGRFA).
Digital sequence information–legal questions for patent, copyright, trade secret protection and sharing of genomic sequencing data
(IAARD Press, 2020) C Seitz; Balai Besar Penelitian dan Pengembangan Bioteknologi dan Sumberdaya Genetik Pertanian
Advances in sciences–both in molecular biology and information technology–have enabled new understandings of genetic resources and biological processes which lead to an ongoing fundamental paradigm shift. The phenomenon of big data resulting from genomic sequencing has emerged as a consequence of next generation sequencing technologies that generate large data sets in biotechnological research. Technical progress in such big data generation and management has opened previously unprecedented possibilities for research, the development of new products and leads to a vast amount of data being generated at an unprecedented speed, ranging from the extraction of information to data analysis and interpretation. While there will always remain a reliance on genetic materials, one may observe a trend that research and development activities using genetic materials are increasingly supplemented or substituted by computerized research activities based on digital sequence information (DSI). These developments lead to a revolutionary transformation in the use of genetic resources (GR), which is currently undergoing radical changes and may be considered as a “fourth industrial revolution”. It results not only in exponential growth of generated genetic data, which may lead to innovation and new products and services, but also poses a range of new regulatory and legal questions due to its specific characteristics. The rise of big data raises specific legal challenges in terms of data ownership and intellectual property, data stewardship and governance, as well as technology transfer and licensing. One example is the question on how to regulate access and benefit-sharing for plant genetic resources and regulatory approvals for gene-edited plants as a result of new genomic technologies, which illustrates the use of DSI as an essential tool for research and development along with the requirements to exchange such information. Existing exchange mechanisms include, for instance, open-access databases and DSI platforms. Their data access and exchange policies would presumably be intended to maintain consistency with the objectives, policies and regulations of the Access and Benefit-Sharing system (ABS system). A large number of these questions are currently subject to discussions on an international, regional, as well as on a national level. This paper shall shed light on some of these questions to reflect the current and ongoing discussion on the issue and focus on the protection of DSI and address the question of the application of ABS systems to DSI.
Diversity analysis in soybean (Glycine max [L.] Merrill) mutant lines grown in saline soil using agronomic traits and RAPD markers
(IAARD Press, 2020) S A S ...[at al], M G Agam; Balai Besar Penelitian dan Pengembangan Bioteknologi dan Sumberdaya Genetik Pertanian
Soybean is one of the strategic food crops in Indonesia, but its production is far below the demand due to inadequate area for soybean cultivation. Shifting soybean cultivation to marginal land such as saline soil has been suggested as a realistic solution to increase soybean production. Development of soybean variety tolerant to salinity is the key step to support the cultivation of soybean in saline soil. The objective of this research was to evaluate the genetic diversity in mutant soybean lines generated using gamma rays based on agronomic traits and RAPD markers. A total of 200 irradiated seeds of cultivar Detam-3 were planted in saline soil with electrical conductivity of 1.2–4.3 dS/m. Agronomic traits were evaluated on plants until harvesting time. Genetic analysis using two RAPD markers (OPAA-02 and OPAA- 14) was done on 11 plants of each radiation treatment. The results showed that 54 plants survived in saline soil. High level of variation based on agronomic traits was observed in these plants. RAPD analysis revealed 60% and 83.3% polymorphism among 11 plants for OPAA-02 and OPAA-14 markers, respectively.
Diversity of pod weight of Indonesian local groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.) varieties at different harvesting time
(IAARD Press, 2020) Zulchi T. ...[at a]; Balai Besar Penelitian dan Pengembangan Bioteknologi dan Sumberdaya Genetik Pertanian
Groundnut, a self-pollinated legume, is an important cash crop which has high oil seed content and provides nutritious fodder to livestock. Harvesting time is very critical to the groundnut production, because their maturity determines the pod weight. This study aimed to observe the pod weight of local groundnut varieties of Indonesia at different harvesting time. A total of 50 local varieties groundnut were grown at ICABIOGRAD Experimental Station from May–September 2015. The pods were harvested at 75, 85 and 95 days after planting (DAP) and weighed. The results showed that the accessions reached its physiological maturity at 85 DAP, where the plants reached the highest maturity index (2.28). The average maturity index at 75 and 95 DAP was 1.64 and 1.84, respectively. The pod weightat 75, 85 and 95 DAP ranged from 1.0 to 31.4 g, 4.2 to 35.2 g and 2.0 to 31.6 g, respectively, whereas the seed weight ranged from 1.0 to 20.8 g, 2.2 to 26.4 g and 1.4 to 24 g, respectively. A relatively high seed and hull weight ratio at 85 DAP was found in MLG 1629 Jombang, MLG 7552 Gresik, Hoi Ambon, Lanbau and AH 842Si varieties. The harvesting time should be done at physiological maturity to identify the maturity type among local varieties. It is recommended that the Indonesian local varieties of groundnuts should be harvested at 85 DAP.
Functional analysis of an appressorium-spesific gene from Colletotrichum gloeosporioides
(IAARD Press, 2020) Balai Besar Penelitian dan Pengembangan Bioteknologi dan Sumberdaya Genetik Pertanian
A novel gene (CAS2) specifically expressed during appressorium formation was isolated from Colletotrichum gleosporioides using Differential Display RT-PCR. CAS2 comprises 368 deduced amino acid residues and is 50% identical to a hypothetical protein from Chaetomium globosum. ProtFun 2.2 server analysis predicted that Cas2 functions as a transport and binding protein. Based on putative transmembrane domain prediction software (HMMTOP), Cas2 protein is composed of five alpha-helical transmembrane domains with a very short external N-terminus tail and long internal C-terminus. ExPASy ScanProsite analysis showed the presence of integrin beta chain cysteine-rich domain, N-myristoylation site, EGFlike domain, 2Fe-2S ferredoxins, iron-sulfur binding region, VWFC domain, fungal hydrophobins signature, membrane lipoprotein lipid attachment site and Janus-faced atracotoxin (J-ACTX) family signature in CAS2 protein. Mutants with deleted CAS2 were not significantly different in terms of vegetative growth, conidiation, and appressoria production compared to wild type. However, the cas2 mutant produced multipolar germination, a feature which distinguishes it from wild type strain. Interestingly, the mutant is non-virulent to mango fruits, indicating that CAS2 may encode proteins that function as novel virulence factors in fungal pathogens.
Genetic diversity of local red rice cultivars collections of Yogyakarta AIAT, Indonesia based on morphological character
(IAARD Press, 2020) Kristamtini ...[at al]; Balai Besar Penelitian dan Pengembangan Bioteknologi dan Sumberdaya Genetik Pertanian
Identification of local red rice was important to study for genetic diversity. The objective of the study was to identify the morphological characteristics to estime the genetic diversity and heritability in the broad sense of 11 local red rice cultivars. The quantitative data (plant height, leaf length, leaf width, number of productive tillers, panicle length, 1,000-grain weight and number of grain per panicle) were measured by their CVg values for determining their relationships and heritability. The results can be used for parent selection in a breeding program. Results showed that the number of productive tillers, leaf length and the number of grain content per panicle for 11 local red rice from Yogyakarta were efficient and effective characters in selection because the characters have wide of the coefficient of variation genetics and high heritability value.
Genetic diversity of red rice varieties originating from West Java and Banten based on SSR marker related to palatability
(IAARD Press, 2020) Susiyanti ...[at al]; Balai Besar Penelitian dan Pengembangan Bioteknologi dan Sumberdaya Genetik Pertanian
West Java and Banten Provinces have diverse local red rice varieties/accessions to support national food security, not only in terms of quantity but also the quality of rice. Good eating quality is closely related to palatability. Palatability is a property that is directly related to the quality of rice feeding, aroma, appearance, taste and texture. This study aimed to analyze the genetic diversity and DNA fingerprint profiles of local red rice accessions from West Java dan Banten using molecular markers related to palatability. A total of 12 red rice accessions and four local red rice accessions from Banten and West Java Provinces were estimated their genetic diversity, respectively. The SSR primers used were Ams (linked with aspartate aminotransferase), GPA (glucosamine-fructose-6-phosphate aminotransferase), GBSS1 (granule-bound starch synthase), CBG (nano cyanogenic β-glucosidase), SS1 (starch synthase), SBE1 (glucosidic linkage of a-polyglucan), RM510 (gel consistency), RM13 (protein content) and RM410 (aromatic). The dendrogram showed two main groups of red rice accessions. The first group consisted of Mayang, Tambleg, Sengkeuhan, Pare Jaketra, Jalawara Hawara, Gadok, Carogol, Beureum Batu, Waren, Segubal, Tampai Beureum and Leger Pondok (similarity reached 80.5%). The second group consists of Kapundung, Cere Beureum and Cireh Hideung with a similarity of 79.5%.
Genetic improvement of Aceh local rice variety Sikuneng to produce green super rice lines adaptive to abiotic stresses
(IAARD Press, 2020) Efendi ...[at al]; Balai Besar Penelitian dan Pengembangan Bioteknologi dan Sumberdaya Genetik Pertanian
The high genetic diversity of rice landraces of Aceh has great potential to contribute to the world’s food security program in the future, especially in adapting to climate changes and environmental degradation. The objective of this research was to develop a new superior rice line adaptive to abiotic stress and maintains high productivity despite limited agricultural inputs. An Aceh’s local variety, Sikuneng, was artificially crossed with an isogenic line IRBB27 and the F1 plants were self-pollinated for two generations. The F3 lines were cultivated in drought stress and high salinity conditions with the application of aerobic rice system and flash irrigation. It was discovered that the F3 lines showed significantly improved plant height, number of panicles per plant, panicle length, grain weight per plant and grain yield potential per hectare. The plant height of the F3 lines varied from 98 to 192 cm, whereas the plant height of Sikuneng was 172 cm. The number of panicles of F3 lines ranged from 10.3 to 43.5, whereas Sikuneng had only 8.7 panicles. The panicle length of F3 lines ranged from 23.9 to 47.3 cm and Sikuneng had only 28.1 cm of panicle length. The grain weight per plant of F3 lines varied from 69.8 to 196.7 g, in contrast to the grain weight of Sikuneng which was 64.5 g. The weight of 1,000 grains of F3 lines ranged from 21.0 to 34.9 g, whereas that of Sikuneng was 26.9 g. While the yield potential of Sikuneng was 7.6 t/ha, the yield potential of the F3 lines varied from 7.2 to 13.9 t/ha. The highest yield potential was shown by Skn-68-1 line. Further evaluation and selection process need to be conducted in the next generations until the improved characters of the new lines are stable.

Browse

Browsing Information System and Exchanges of Genetic Resources for Effective Crop Improvement by Title

Results Per Page

Sort Options