Information System and Exchanges of Genetic Resources for Effective Crop Improvement

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Synergy between CBD/Nagoya Protocol and ITPGRFA on access and benefit-sharing on plant genetic
(IAARD Press, 2020) Yamamoto, A; Balai Besar Penelitian dan Pengembangan Bioteknologi dan Sumberdaya Genetik Pertanian
Utilization of plant genetic resources (PGR) is a prerequisite for benefit-sharing. However, scientists cannot fully utilize PGR because access to their PGR has been governed by Material Transfer Agreement (MTA) on Mutually Agreed Terms (MAT). For example, plant breeders face difficulties when they hybridize PGR accessed under CBD/Nagoya Protocol (CBD/NP) with PGR received from the Multilateral System (MLS) under the International Treaty on Plant Genetic Resources for Food and Agriculture (ITPGRFA). The difficulties of plant breeders could be overcome through developing a Breeding Model combining bilateral and multilateral approaches, with particular focus on transaction of PGR from in situ to ex situ. The bilateral element in the Breeding Model is expected to be acceptable by providing countries since the benefit will be shared back to them. It will also make the MLS more attractive to users since it will introduce new PGR from in situ.