Current Status of Tidal Swamp Rice Varieties and Its Improvement for Fe Toxicity Tolerance and Biofortification
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Date
2022-01-19
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Balai Besar Penelitian dan Pengembangan Bioteknologi dan Sumber Daya Genetik Pertanian
Abstract
Abstract. Tidal swampland is now getting high priority in Indonesia agricultural development, in particular for rice production. Productivity of rice in swampland, both in tidal swamp and monotonous swamp is low compared to that in other agroecosystem due to adverse constraints, such iron toxicity, salinity, acidity, and flooding, as well as other
constraints, such as socio-economic, culture, and infrastructures. Effort to increase rice productivity has been done through varietal improvement. Thirty-five swamp rice varieties have been released in the last twenty years. However, the adoption rates of those varieties are low and some varieties are rarely found in the field. Advances in biotechnologyprovide new tools for effective crop improvement in tidal swampland. Several rice varieties have been developed through molecular breeding approach. It is also possible to select rice lines using specific markers corresponding to OsIRT and
OsFer2 genes that play a role in Fe2+ transport regulation and deposit in rice grain, respectively. This molecular breeding approach will not only improve rice tolerance to iron toxicity in marginal lands such as tidal swampland, but also iron biofortification of rice to mitigate iron deficiency in population that consume rice as staple food.
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Rice, Tolerance, production