AIP Conference Proceedings

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Browsing AIP Conference Proceedings by Author "Chaerani ... [at al], Chaerani"

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    Isolation and Pathogenicity Test of Fusarium Basal Rot and Purple Blotch Fungal Pathogens from Shallot and Allium spp.
    (Balai Besar Penelitian dan Pengembangan Bioteknologi dan Sumber Daya Genetik Pertanian, 2022-01-19) Chaerani ... [at al], Chaerani; Balai Besar Penelitian dan Pengembangan Bioteknologi dan Sumber Daya Genetik Pertanian
    Abstract. Fusarium basal rot and purple blotch are dominant fungal diseases of Allium spp. As a part of mutation breeding project to develop resistant shallot varieties to the fungal agents, this study was aimed to isolate and test the pathogenicity of the isolated fungi. Fungal isolation was performed by means of standard tissue isolation technique from diseased samples collected from six shallot and scallion fields in West Java. Three isolates of Fusarium and four isolates of Alternaria porri were obtained from the respective disease symptom. Additionally, Stemphylium sp. was recovered from leaf blight symptom and A. alternata from both diseased leaf symptoms. Koch’s Postulate was accomplished by pathogenicity tests and reisolation of the fungi. A modified onion bulb assay resulted in mild to extensive rot of bulbs inoculated with Fusarium agar plugs. Pot assay confirmed the aggressiveness of Fusarium isolates to shallot varieties. Allium spp. plants developed purple blotch after sprayed with A. porri spores, and leaf blight after sprayed with Stemphylium sp. or A. alternata spores. Except for A. alternata, all pathogens were successfully reisolated from the foliage disease symptoms, confirming their causative agents of the respective disease. For future genetic studies and species confirmation by means of DNA sequencing, single spore isolation of the pathogens should be attempted.
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    Plant Parasitic Nematodes Infesting Three Minor Legumes (Velvet Bean, Lablab Bean, and Jack Bean)
    (Balai Besar Penelitian dan Pengembangan Bioteknologi dan Sumber Daya Genetik Pertanian, 2022-01-19) Chaerani ... [at al], Chaerani; Balai Besar Penelitian dan Pengembangan Bioteknologi dan Sumber Daya Genetik Pertanian
    Abstract. Once introduced into rhizosphere, plant parasitic nematodes are difficult to control because they are persistent in soil by surviving on alternative hosts. Several minor legume species are suppressive to plant parasitic nematode population. This study was aimed at observing the plant parasitic nematode fauna infesting three minor legumes, velvet bean (Mucuna pruriens), lablab bean (Lablab purpureus), and jack bean (Canavalia ensiformis) in a field experiment. Soil samples were collected from plots of selected accessions planted in rainfed field at Cikeumeuh Experiment Station, Bogor on six sampling dates from August 2019 until March 2020. Microscopic analysis of extracted soil found two ectoparasitic and three endopatasitic nematodes infesting the legume rhizosphere. From the highest to the least abundant number, these were Criconemella, Helicotylenchus, Rotylenchulus, Pratylenchus, and Meloidogyne. At the beginning of the planting season the number of nematode ranged from 0 to 57 per 200 ml soil which then fluctuated during the crop growing season. Slight differences in nematode population densities among accessions within a legume species were observed. Jack bean supported the least number of nematode, followed by lablab bean and velvet bean. Further studies under controlled environment are necessary to assess nematode multiplication on potential legume accessions with reducing effect on nematode population.