Hubungan Harga dan Kualitas Beras di Tingkat Penggilingan dan Pedagang di Provinsi Bali
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Date
2010-11-18
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Balai Besar Penelitian Tanaman Padi
Abstract
Abstract
Relationship between the Price and the Quality of Rice at the Milling Unit and the Trader Level in Bali. The objective of this experiment was to identify the price of rice as affected by its quality. This activity involved the rice milling units and the milled rice traders in Tabanan, Gianyar, and Jembrana Districts, Bali. The owner of the rice milling unit and the traders were interviewed and samples were collected for its physical characters. Data were analysed and the milled rice characters obtained were compared to the National Standard of Indonesia (SNI) on the milled rice criteria. Results of the experiment revealed that the quality of milled rice at the milling unit and at the trader levels was not significantly different, since the rice traders usually obtained the milled rice from the local rice milling unit. It was observed that good milling and selling processes of rice occurred but the understanding on the national standard of rice quality established by the National Standard of Indonesia for Rice was still poor. A significant different of price was observed at the trader level among locations. Price of rice at Tabanan market was Rp. 4,675/kg higher than those at Gianyar and Jembrana markets. Approximately 60% of price of milled rice at Tabanan market was affected by head rice, damaged grain, and size of the grain. Head rice and size contributed about 33% of price at Gianyar market. At Jembrana market, 45% of price was affected by head rice, milling degree, and size of the grain.
Abstrak
Penelitian tentang hubungan harga dan kualitas beras pada tingkat penggilingan dan pedagang beras telah dilaksanakan di Provinsi Bali. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengidentifikasi hubungan antara harga dengan komponen mutu beras. Penelitian melibatkan unit penggilingan padi dan pedagang beras di Kabupaten Tabanan, Gianyar, dan Jembrana. Wawancara dengan kuesioner dilakukan terhadap pemilik penggilingan padi dan pedagang beras di pasar. Sampel beras sebanyak 2 kg diambil dari penggilingan dan pedagang beras untuk dianalisis karakteristik mutu fisiknya. Data karakteristik mutu beras dibandingkan dengan mutu beras Standar Nasional Indonesia (SNI). Hubungan antara harga dan kualitas beras dianalisa dengan analisis regresi berganda. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kualitas beras pada tingkat penggilingan dan pada tingkat pedagang tidak berbeda nyata, karena pedagang umumnya mendapatkan beras dari penggilingan lokal. Cara prosesing beras di penggilingan dan cara penjualan beras umumnya sudah berjalan baik, tetapi pemahaman tentang mutu beras berdasarkan SNI masih kurang. Harga beras di tingkat pedagang berbeda nyata antarlokasi. Harga beras berturut-turut sebesar Rp. 4.675, Rp. 4.327, dan Rp. 4.104/kg, di pasar Tabanan, Gianyar, dan Jembrana. Enam puluh persen harga beras di Tabanan dipengaruhi oleh beras kepala, beras patah, dan ukuran beras, sedangkan di Gianyar, 33% dipengaruhi oleh beras kepala dan ukuran beras, sedangkan di Jembrana 45% dipengaruhi oleh beras kepala, derajat sosoh, dan ukuran beras.
Description
10 p.; tab.