Studi Bahan Pengemasan Pada Beberapa Varietas Padi Terhadap Daya Simpan dan Mutu Beras
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Date
2010-11-18
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Balai Besar Penelitian Tanaman Padi
Abstract
Abstract
The Study of Packaging Materials on Several Rice Varieties to the Shelf Life and Quality of Rice. The objective of the experiment was to study the effect of packaging materials to the storability and the quality of milled rice. Treatments were different types of packaging materials which were HDPP, HDPE, PP sack, and sack only and rice varieties, which were Ciherang, the mixture of Maro + Rokan. IR42, and Lusi. Milled rice was stored in the storage room of the Eligibility Team of Technology of ICRR for 10 months in which the storage room was cleaned and disinfected prior the usage. Rice was harvested and milled in July 2007, and packed in July 31 to August 1, 2007. The physical quality, the cooking quality. the organoleptic, and the amylose content of the stored milled rice were observed since the first month and being continued at one month interval. Results of the experiment revealed that in general, the milled rice of all rice varieties and packed in all packaging materials were still in a good quality after being stored for 10 months. There was an increase in the moisture content and the number of insects on the stored milled rice of Ciherang, moisture of Maro Rokan, 142, and Lati. During the storage, the value of whiteness, degrees of milling, transparencies, NPA, NPV, alkali spread, and amylose content of the milled rice of all rice varieties were not significantly changed. Higher moisture content and number of insect pests were observed on the milled rice packed in plastic sacks or PP plastic sacks as compared to those of milled rice packed in HDPP and HDPE. A slightly higher number of insect pests was observed on the milled rice packed in a plastic sack as compared to those of milled rice packed in PP plastic sacks. Double packaging of PP and plastic sacks did not affect the stored milled rice. The values of organoleptic test and the value of rice quality decreased in line with the storage period. The rice quality of the IR42 variety was the least accepted by most panellist. The whitest and not transparently milled rice of Lumi (the sticky rice), was easily changed into pale yellow or yellowish. The packaging materials of HDPE and HDPP were slightly better in slowing down the rate of the increase in the moisture content and the number of insects pest as compared to the packaging materials of plastic and PP.
Abstrak
Percobaan ini bertujuan untuk mempelajari pengaruh jenis bahan pengemas terhadap daya simpan dan mutu beras. Perlakuan adalah Jenis pengemas (HDPP, HDPE, PP+karung, dan karung) dan jenis beras (Ciherang, Maro Rokan, IR42, dan Lusi). Beras disimpan dalam Gudang Tim Kelayakan Teknologi, BB Padi yang sebelum digunakan, gudang dibersihkan dan disemprot desinfektan. Beras disimpan di atas alas palet kayu. Proses pemanenan dan penggilingan gabah dilakukan pada bulan Juli 2007 dan pengemasan beras dilakukan pada tanggal 31 Juli-1 Agustus 2007. Mutu beras yang meliputi mutu fisik, mutu tanak, mutu organoleptik, dan kadar armilosa diamati mulai bulan ke-0 penyimpanan. Hasil percobaan menunjukkan bahwa, secara umum mutu beras semua varietas masih baik. Selama penyimpanan dalam kemasan, kadar air dan populasi hama pada beras Cherang. Maro Rokan, IR42, dan Lusi meningkat. Selama penyimpanan, variabel variabel derajat putih, transparansi, NPA, NPV, alkali spread dan kadar amilosa, beras tidak nyata berubah. Kadar air dan populasi serangga hama beras yang dikemas dalam karung plastik atau PP karung plastik sedikit lebih banyak daripada kadar air dan populasi serangga hama beras yang disimpan dalam HDPP dan HDPE. Pengemasan rangkap. yaitu PP dan karung plastik tidak berpengaruh nyata terhadap kualitas beras. Secara umum lama penyimpanan menurunkan nilai organoleptik beras. Nilai penerimaan beras M42 paling rendah setelah penyimpanan di antara heras lain yang dievaluasi. Beras Lusi yang paling putih dan tidak transparan, lebih cepat menjadi kusam atau berwarna kekuningan, dibandingkan dengan beras lain. Pengemasan beras dengan HDPP dan HDPE lebih memperlambat kenaikan kadar air dan populasi serangga hama dibandingkan dengan pengemasan beras dalam karung plastik atau PP karung plastik
Description
8 p.; tab.