Improvement of Sex Determination of Salak Plant Using Sequence Characterized Amplified Regions
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Date
2022-01-19
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Balai Besar Penelitian dan Pengembangan Bioteknologi dan Sumber Daya Genetik Pertanian
Abstract
Abstract. Salak (Salacca zalacca [Gaertn.] Voss) is a species of palm tree (Arecaceae) native to Indonesia possesing a high nutritional value. The dioecious nature of this plant and late initial reproductive age of 3–4 years are the major practical constraints to its genetic improvement. Up to date, no reliable methods are available for sexing salak plants at the early seedling stage. The objectives of this study were to identify sex-linked random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) primers which specifically enable to differentiate sex types in salak plant and to design new primers (SCARs) on the basis of nucleotide sequences of a cloned RAPD fragment corresponding to a trait of interest. A total of 67 salak genotypes consisted of 35 female and 32 male plants were subjected to molecular analysis using 42 RAPD markers to identify DNA bands specific to gender. The results showed that four RAPD primers, such as OPA-03, OPA-04, OPE-20 and OPP-09, produced reproducible and specific bands or unique DNA bands which only present in the males or females salak plants. The specific band derived from OPA-04 were proceeded to develop 6 SCAR primers which denoted as SCOPA primers. Those primers were successfully verified, of which two primers, known as SCOPA-4 and SCOPA-6,
could distinguish between female and male genotypes in salak plant.
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Keywords
Salak Plant, genetic, nutritional