Pengaruh Perbedaan Kelas Benih Terhadap Produktivitas Padi Varietas Ciherang dan IR64
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Date
2010-11-18
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Balai Besar Penelitian Tanaman Padi
Abstract
Abstract
The Influence of Different Seed Classes to the Irrigated Rice Productivity of Ciherang and IR64. Respond of farmers to high quality rice seeds was increasing at recent time. Formally, the quality of seeds, including the rice seeds in each province was under the responsibility of the Seed Control and Certification Service. There are 4 classes of rice seeds in Indonesia i.e. breeder seed (BS), foundation seed (FS), stock seed (SS), and extension seed (ES). Due to the price of each class of rice seeds, it is suggested that farmers should grow the extension seeds in producing rice grain for consumption. However, recently several farmers preferred the stock seed class instead, as they thought that the higher the level of the seed class will produce the higher of the rice grain when they were grown. An experiment to study the influence of various seed classes on plant performance, yield, and yield component of paddy has been conducted at Sukamandi Experimental Station of the Indonesian Centre for Rice Research (ICCR) during the dry season of 2007. Three different rice seed classes of Ciherang and IR64 varieties i.e. FS, SS, and ES were planted in plots of 6 m x 4m in size with the planting distance of 25 cm x 25 cm. The crops were fertilized with 250 kg/ha urea, 100 kg/ha SP36, and 100 kg/ha KC1. The yield and yield components were measured at harvest time, while the seed quality was assessed in the Seed Quality Laboratory of the ICRR. Results of this experiment indicated that plant performance, yield component, yield of rice, and seed quality were not significantly affected by the seed classes used.
Abstrak
Respons petani terhadap benih padi bermutu makin meningkat. Secara formal Balai Pengawasan dan Serifikasi Benih di tiap provinsi mempunyai otoritas untuk mengendalikan mutu benih selama proses produksi, pengolahan, dan pemasarannya. Dalam sistem perbenihan di Indonesia, terdapat empat kelas benih, yaitu benih penjenis (breeder seed, BS), benih dasar (foundation seed, FS), benih pokok (stock seed, SS), dan benih sebar (extension seed, ES). Selama ini, untuk produksi gabah konsumsi, petani dianjurkan untuk menanam benih sebar. Namun, ternyata banyak petani yang menggunakan benih pokok, karena mereka menganggap bahwa kelas benih yang lebih tinggi akan menghasilkan gabah yang lebih tinggi pula. Penelitian untuk mempelajari pengaruh perbedaan kelas benih padi terhadap penampilan tanaman, hasil gabah, dan komponen hasil padi telah dilaksanakan di Kebun Percobaan Sukamandi, Balai Besar Penelitian Tanaman Padi, pada MK 2007. Masing-masing tiga kelas benih padi varietas Ciherang dan IR64, yaitu benih dasar, benih pokok, dan benih sebar, ditanam dalam rancangan percobaan kelompok, dengan nan dipupuk dengan 250 kg/ha urea, 100 ulangan dengan jarab kg/ha SP36, and 100 kg/ha KCl. Tinggi tanaman dan jumlah anakan amati sejak di pert pertanaman sampai setelah panen, komponen hasil dan hasil gabah diukur saat panen, sedangkan mutu benih (daya berkecambah dan vigor benih) diamati di Laboratorium Mutu Benih, BB Padi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kelas benih yang ditanam tidak nyata berpengaruh terhadap tinggi tanaman, jumlah anakan, bobot gabah isi. panjang malai, jumla isi/malai, bobot 1.000 butir, hasil gabah, dan mutu gabah dari jumlah gabah pertanaman yang berasal dari kelas benih yang berbeda tersebut.
Description
10 p.; tab.