Characterization and Interrelationships of the Number of Vessel Bundles with Yield Components in Various Genotypes of Soybean (Glycine max [L.] Merrill)
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Date
2022-01-19
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Balai Besar Penelitian dan Pengembangan Bioteknologi dan Sumber Daya Genetik Pertanian
Abstract
Abstract. Soybean is the third most important source of vegetable protein and agricultural commodity in Indonesia. Physiological results of soybean crop are determined by the relationship source strength and sink capacity. Source is associated with assimilation of CO2, and sink is associated with a photo-assimilate allocated to storage or plant growth.
Physiological characters of the number of vessels there is the xylem-phloem tissue cannot be separated but has different functions, so affect growth and yield of crops. Therefore, to increase productivity of soybeans it is necessary to examined the relationship between number of vessels and soybeans yield. The purpose of this study was to assess the diversity of vessels number and correlation of vessel number and yield in 36 genotypes of soybean. Research was conducted in the Agro Techno Park, University of Brawijaya, Jatikerto, Kromengan District, Malang Regency, East Java Province from March to June 2020. The research used randomized block design with three replications. The observation of vessel number was conducted in Plant Breeding Laboratory, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Brawijaya. Data was analyzed using Scott-Knott's test facilitated by SASM-Agri application and the correlation analysis by OPSTAT application. The
results showed that the number of vessels of soybean plants in the range of 10.5–17.5. Genotypes that have a large number of vessel bundles are genotypes Anjasmoro × Argopuro, Anjasmoro × UB2, Tanggamus × UB1, Tanggamus × UB2, Argopuro × Tanggamus, Argopuro × Grobogan, Argopuro × UB1, Argopuro × UB2, Grobogan × UB2, UB1 × Tanggamus, UB1 × UB2, Anjasmoro, Argopuro, and Tanggamus. Moreover, it was discovered that the number of vessels was positively correlated with plant heigh (r = 0.333) and negatively correlated with the number of empty pods (r = -0.365). Although, number pod empty pods had no significant effect on the various soybean genotypes.
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Keywords
Soybean, Physiological, productivity