Growth Variation and Relationship of Clove Progenies of High-Yielding Mother Trees Collected from Various Regions in Indonesia
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Date
2022-01-19
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Balai Besar Penelitian dan Pengembangan Bioteknologi dan Sumber Daya Genetik Pertanian
Abstract
Abstract. Clove is a native spice from Indonesia, originating from Maluku Islands. Indonesia is the largest producer and consumer of cloves, but productivity is less than 800 kg of dried clove buds. To improve national clove productivity, it is necessary to select high-yielding mother trees (HYMTs) and used them as seed sources in clove planting. The objective of present study was to characterize morphological characteristics of the progenies and calculate the relationships of the selected clove HYMTs. The research was conducted at the Plant Breeding Division, Indonesian Spice and Medicinal Crops Research Institute, Bogor from December 2018 to December 2020. Seeds of 129 HYMTs collected from thirteen regions in Indonesia were sown at the greenhouse, and the germinated seedlings were planted in polybags. The observation was made on seedlings at 4 and 8 months after planting. The result showed that clove progenies of different
HYMTs varied morphologically. However, this variation was relatively low indicated by the similarity value of 72% observed among the clove progenies. Based on dendrogram generated from morphological characters of the clove progenies derived HYMTs were divided into three groups. The group I consisted of HYMTs from Banggai Kepulauan,
Semarang, Karo, Ende, Gorontalo, and Solok; the group II consisted of HYMTs from Cianjur, Buru Selatan, Karanganyar, and Bogor; the group III consisted of HYMTs from Trenggalek, East Manggarai, and Alor. HYMTs from Ende and Trenggalek had good seedling performance based on morphological characters and the farthest distance,
indicating their different genetic backgrounds and beneficial for selecting parental for breeding programs.
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Keywords
Clove, productivity, Growth