Mortalitas Stadia Pradewasa Hama Penggulung Daun Pisang, Erionota tharax (L.) yang Disebabkan Oleh Parasitoid
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Date
2003-03-03
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Indonesian Center for Horticulture Research and Development
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Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui mortalitas stadia pradewasa hama penggulung daun pisang yang disebabkan oleh parasitoid dan fase awal penyerangan parasitoid terhadap inang. Untuk mengetahui parasitoid hama penggulung daun pisang Erionota thrax, telur, larva, dan pupa hama penggulung daun pisang diambil dari pertanaman pisang petani, kemudian dipelihara di laboratorium Kebun Percobaan Bandar Buat, Balai Pengkajian Teknologi Pertanian Sumatera Barat. Setiap kelompok telur, larva, dan pupa dimasukkan ke dalam kotak plastik berukuran dengan garis tengah 13 cm dan tinggi 5 cm, serta diberi makan daun pisang. Pengamatan terhadap stadia telur diamati dengan menghitung telur yang menetas, diserang parasitoid, tidak menetas, dan diserang jamur. Dari hasil penelitian diperoleh bahwa hama penggulung daun pisang mempunyai dua jenis parsitoid telur, dua jenis parasitoid larva, dan empat jenis parasitoid pupa. Kedua jenis parasitoid telur Pediobius erionotae dan Ooncyrtus erionotae dapat menyebabkan kematian tertinggi dan membunuh 55,6% stadia telur. Parasitoid larva mulai menyerang stadia larva instar kedua. Indeks parasitisme tertinggi disebabkan oleh parasitoid larva Casinaria sp. Adalah 15,7% dan yang pal- ing rendah disebabkan oleh parasitoid pupa, Theronia zebra-zebra mencapai 0,8%. Hasil penelitian tentang parasitoid hama penggulung daun pisang ini merupakan informasi dasar dalam rangka pengembangan pengendalian hama secara terpadu. Kata kunci: Musa paradisiacal; Erionata thrax; Hama penggulung daun; Parasitoid; Mortalitas; Stadia pradewasa ABSTRACT. This study aims to contribute to the knowledge of immature mortality of ba- nana leaf roller Erionota thrax (L.) and early susceptible stage of parasitoid attacking the host. To obtain parasitoid, the eggs, larvae, and pupae of banana leaf roller, Erionota thrax (L.) were collected from farmer banana field and reared in the laboratory under room temperature at Bandar Buat, West Sumatera Assessment Institute for Agriculture Technology. Each egg mass, larvae, and pupae were isolated in plastic container dimensions of 13 cm in diameter and 5 cm in dept feeding, with leaf of banana. The following categories were recognized of egg stage, hatched, parasitic by wasps, hatching failure, and fungus diseased. The result indicated that E. thrax had two species of egg parasitoid, two species of parasitoid emerged from larvae, and four species of parasitoid emerged from pupae stages. Both of egg parasitoid species, Pediobius erionotae and Ooncyrtus erionotae, caused the highest mortality and kiled 55,6% of the eggs. The earliest parasitized stage of larva was the second instar. Index of parasitism rate by larval and pupae parasitoid which mostly caused by Casinaria erionotae was at 15.7% and the lowest caused by pupae parasitoid, Theronia zebra-zebra was at 0.8. The results of banana leaf roller parasitoid research were to provide basic information for the development of integrated pest managemen.