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- Item“Kapilaler Demonstration Plots” The Effective Way Through The Integrated And Participatory Water Resources Management In Klaten Regency, Central Java Province.(Balai penelitian Agroklimat dan Hidrologi, 2012-12-01) Sosiawan, HendriThe demonstration plot activity was developed in the Klaten Program framework related to the improvement of irrigated agriculture through an integrated and participatory water resources management. The program aims at developing a common vision on water management issues in irrigated areas and, at identifying, proposing and implementing technical and organizational solutions with the participation and support of majority of stakeholders. The Program is funded by Danone-Aqua and implemented by the facilitation team constituted by CIRAD and IAHRI Centre from Bogor and by UGM-PUSTEK and BPTP from Yogyakarta in partnership with the Klaten Public Work and Agricultural Services and with the Regional Monitoring Committee including a group of members representatives of regional stakeholders involved in water issues: Regional Water Company(Perusahaan Daerah Air Minum/PDAM), PT. Tirta Invesatama, Water User Aassociations, Farmer Aassociations, Local NGOs, Public Work and Department of Agriculture of Klaten Regency.
- ItemDirect Seeding Mulch-Based Cropping Systems (DMC): A Tool For Sustainable Management Of Cultivated Soils(Balai penelitian Agroklimat dan Hidrologi, 2012-10-01) Heryani, NaniDMC (Direct seeding Mulch-based Cropping systems) is a new tillage-free agricultural approach that has short-to medium-term effects with respect to halting erosion, increasing soil fertility, stabilising or even increasing yields, even on infertile wastelands, while also reducing fuel consumption. This system is based on three principles: zero soil tillage, permanent soil (plant) cover, and relevant crop sequences or rotations associated with cover plants. These three principles combine to create a micro-environment for the crop, hence better expression of its potential to resist pests and diseases, and increased productivity.
- ItemModern Irrigation To Support The Large Scale Agriculture Development(Balai penelitian Agroklimat dan Hidrologi, 2012-08-01) Sosiawan, HendriLarge scale agricultural development for food crops will only be successful if supported by best fit agricultural practices, including the application of modern irrigation.. Irrigation is the artificial application of water to the land or soil. It is used to assist in the growing of agricultural crops, maintenance of landscapes, and revegetation of disturbed soils in dry areas and during periods of inadequate rainfall. To reach targeted production a long the year, the water supply using the modern mechanized irrigation system is a must. The modern irrigation must supply water at rates, in quantities and at times needed to meet farm irrigation requirements and schedule. The most popular of the modern irrigation systems to support water supply at farm irrigation namelly Sprinkle Irrigation, Center Pivot Irrigation and Lateral Move Irrigator system.
- ItemImproving Irrigated Agriculture Through Integrated Water Resources Management In Klaten Regency: An Organizational Approach(Balai penelitian Agroklimat dan Hidrologi, 2013-03-31) Sosiawan, HendriIn developing countries as Indonesia, competition in water use for agriculture, industry and domestic purposes is increasingly tight often result in conflict. The unplanned population dynamic, population growth and settlement shift exacerbates the problems with increasing demand for industrial and domestic uses. Unfortunately, without the availability of appropriate data on supply and demand water allocation are increasing in the other sectors at the expense of agriculture. This condition will lead to conflict among water users. Farmers that produce food for all people in the country are very often become the losersin many negotiation among the stakeholders. The water supply is decreasing and more unpredictable due to decreasing the water retention capacity because of watershed degradation, and becoming less predictable because of climate change. While the demand are increasing because of population growth and developing economy and aggravated by urbanization to the urban areas downstreams. Klaten Regency is one of rice center production in Indonesia as a typical case of water sharing problem not only among the stake holder but also among farmer water users as well. The curiousity among the stake holder was triggered by the several water regional situation factors i.e. no rainfall and weak river flows during the dry season, disorganization of former collective management system, degradation of irrigation network, illegal water intake, lack of canal maintenance ets. The multi user of water resources and its spatial distribution of Klaten Regency. The decreasing water availability problems for rice field particulary in downstream area have caused the third growing season can not be implemented if there is no provision of supplementary irrigation from groundwater. Given that the issue of disputes between water users in the Klaten Regency become more frequent and more complex, CIRAD and IAHRI propose and take the initiative to develop a participatory approach intended for all stakeholders on the agreement a step towards the Integrated Water Resources Manamegent.
- ItemDampak Perubahan Iklim Terhadap Serangan Layu Fusarium Pada Pisang(Balai penelitian Agroklimat dan Hidrologi, 2013-11-30) Suciantini; Susanti, ErniSalah satu faktor yang memegang peranan penting dalam pengembangan suatu komoditas adalah unsur iklim/cuaca. Iklim/cuaca merupakan salah satu komponen ekosistem (bio-fisik) yang proses dan dinamikanya dipengaruhi oleh faktor global dan berada di luar atmosfer. Secara garis besar unsur-unsur cuaca/iklim mempengaruhi kehidupan tanaman sehingga dapat dianggap sebagai faktor pembatas. Reaksi tanaman terhadap unsur-unsur iklim/cuaca sendiri cukup sulit untuk diperkirakan karena sistem yang dihadapi cukup rumit. Pertumbuhan dan kualitas tanaman tergantung pada interaksi antara faktor lingkungan dengan faktor genetik setiap tanaman. Perubahan iklim menimbulkan dampak pada berbagai sektor pembangunan dan berbagai aspek kehidupan. Sektor pertanian merupakan sektor yang sangat terpengaruh oleh perubahan iklim, terutama pada tanaman semusim, seperti yang terjadi pada tanaman pangan dan hortikultura. Dampak yang ditimbulkan oleh perubahan iklim dipengaruhi oleh kerentanan suatu sistem. Dampak netto yang ditimbulkan merupakan selisih antara pengaruh awal dengan daya adaptasi sistem tersebut. IPCC (2001) menggolongkan resiko akibat perubahan iklim menjadi risiko ekstrim sederhana dan risiko ekstrim komplek. Perubahan yang terjadi dapat bersifat menguntungkan atau merugikan. Dampak perubahan iklim pada produk hortikultura tergantung pada jenis komoditas dan lokasi pembudidayaan. Secara signifikan, dampaknya terhadap tanaman pangan maupun hortikultura diyakini dapat mengubah baik produksi maupun kerentanan terhadap penyakit tanaman, yang akan berpengaruh terhadap ketahanan pangan dan pendapatan. Perubahan iklim dapat menyebabkan terjadinya penurunan hasil pertanian, yang diakibatkan karena kekeringan, kebanjiran, atau meningkatnya serangan OPT. Meningkatnya serangan OPT dapat mengakibatkan gagal panen yang pada akhirnya menyebabkan penurunan hasil yang signifikan. Berdasarkan penelitian yang dilakukan CGIAR mengenai perubahan iklim, pertanian dan ketahanan pangan (CCAFS) menyoroti bagaimana perubahan iklim akan berdampak pada tanaman yang sangat penting untuk ketahanan pangan di Negara berkembang, dan strategi adaptasi yang digunakan untuk mengurangi dampak tersebut (http:/ccafs.cgiar.org/node/754). Organisme Pengganggu Tanaman (OPT) juga terpengaruh oleh perubahan iklim. Pada beberapa kasus perubahan iklim menyebabkan hama penyakit meluas serangannya, menjadi pemicu ledakan hama penyakit atau timbulnya jenis OPT yang baru yang menyerang atau terjadi kekebalan hama penyakit tertentu terhadap jenis pestisida yang digunakan. Sebagai contoh, menurut Susanti (2010), kejadian La-Nina tahun 2010 menjadi pemicu ledakan WBC pada tanaman padi.