Browsing by Author "Soenartiningsih"

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    Evaluation of Resistance of Super and Ultra Early Maturity Maize to Downy Mildew (Peronosclerospora spp)
    (Badan Penelitian dan Pengembangan Pertanian, 2013) Andi Takdir M.; Soenartiningsih
    Downy mildew (Peronosclerospora spp) is one of the major diseases in maize production. The objective of this study was to evaluate the resistance of super and ultra early maturity maize against downy mildew. The experiment was conducted from May to July 2012 at the experimental field of Indonesian Cereal Research Institute in Maros, South Sulawesi Indonesia. There were 50 varieties and lines evaluated, which consisted of 25 BGJH varieties and lines and 25 BDLM varieties and lines. There were two check varieties used, namely Anoman– 1 as susceptible check and Bima 10 as resistance check. The experiment was arranged in a randomized block design with three replications. The result showed that from BGJH varieties/lines there were three varieties considered to be resistant to downy mildew disease, namely: BGJH 011, BGJH 017 and BGJH 020. 16 varieties and lines were categorized as moderately resistant and one variety, BGJH 013, was susceptible. There were five highly susceptible varieties namely BGJH0 12, BGJH 014, BGJH 023, BGJH 024, BGJH 025. Meanwhile, in the BDLM varieties/lines there were four varieties considered to be resistant, namely BDLM 005, BDLM 011, BDLM 012 and BDLM 018. Sixteen varieties/lines showed moderately resistance reaction, namely BDLM 001, 002, 003, 004, 006, 007, 008, 009, 013, 014, 015, 016, 017, 019, 020, 021 and 025. The highly susceptible varieties were BDLM 010, BDLM 022, BDLM 023, BDLM 024. The resistant genotypes will be used for varietal improvement in maize breeding programs.
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    Identification of Super and Ultra Early Maturity Maize Lines Resistance Against Leaf Blight Disease (Bipolaris maydis)
    (Badan Penelitian dan Pengembangan Pertanian, 2013) Soenartiningsih; R. Neni Iriany; Andi Takdir M.
    The leaf blight disease is one of the major maize diseases and causes yield losses up to 70% particularly when it infects maize planting on generative phase. Therefore, The maize variety which is resistant to this one is needed. The research was aimed to identify the maize variety resistance against leaf blight disease caused by Bipolaris maydis. This study was carried out at Maros Experimental Farm from May to July 2012. A randomized complete block design with maize lines as block and three replications was utilized. Natural infection was treated on maize lines. The result revealed that from 20 BLPT lines, only BPLT 004 showed highly resistant, five lines i.e. BPLT 001, BPLT 003, BPLT 007, BPLT 008 and BPLT 012 were resistant, seven lines indicated moderately resistant reaction namely BPLT 002, 005, 009, 010, 017, 019 and 020, while BPLT 006, 013, 014 and 016 were susceptible and BPLT 011, 015 and 018 were highly susceptible. From other 20 BJMN lines, BJMN 008, 010, 012 and 013 showed resistant to leaf blight with varied intensity from 10% to 20%. Nine lines namely BJMN 001, 002, 006, 007, 014, 015, 016, 018 and 020 indicated moderately resistant, while BJMN 003, 005 and 019 were reacted susceptible to leaf blight disease and the highly susceptible lines were BJMN 003, 005 and 019. The resistance genotypes will be used as donor parents in the varietal improvement to obtain maize varieties with high yield and resistant to leaf blight disease.
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    Petunjuk Lapang Hama, Penyakit, Hara, pada Jagung
    (Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Tanaman Pangan, 2008-12-16) Soenartiningsih; A. Tenrirawe; A.M.Adnan; Wasmo Wakman; A. Haris Talanca; Syafruddin
    Jagung termasuk komoditas penting di Indonesia, baik sebagai bahan pangan dan pakan maupun bahan baku industri. Masalah yang dihadapi dalam budi daya jagung antara lain adalah hama, penyakit, dan hara. Buku ini berisikan informasi tentang hama, penyakit, dan hara tanaman jagung. Diper- untukkan bagi penyuluh dan petugas lapang, buku ini dapat digunakan sebagai acuan dalam pengendalian hama dan penyakit, serta pe- ngelolaan hara tanaman jagung dalam upaya peningkatan produksi nasional. Kepada para peneliti yang telah memberikan kontribusi dalam penerbitan buku ini, saya sampaikan penghargaan dan terima kasih.
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    Potensi Cendawan Mikoriza Arbuskular sebagai Media Pengendalian Penyakit Busuk Pelepah pada Jagung
    (Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Tanaman Pangan, 2013-11-15) Soenartiningsih
    Busuk pelepah yang disebabkan oleh cendawan tular tanah Rhizoctonia solani merupakan penyakit penting pada tanaman jagung karena menyebabkan kehilangan hasil hingga 100% pada varietas rentan. R. solani menginfeksi pelepah bagian bawah dan terus menjalar sampai ke tongkol, sehingga menyebabkan kerugian yang signifikan. Simbiosis cendawan mikoriza arbuskula (CMA) dan jagung di samping meningkatkan pertumbuhan tanaman dengan meningkatkan penyerapan nutrisi terutama P, juga dilaporkan bahwa CMA mampu menghambat pertumbuhan patogen tular tanah. Penghambatan atau pengendalian patogen tular tanah kemungkinan karena peningkatan kandungan fenol akibat stimulasi dengan mikoriza arbuskular dan membentuk struktur flavonoid, sehingga meningkatkan aktivasi enzim phenyl alanine ammonium lyase (PAL). Selain meningkatkan kandungan fenol, hubungan antara CMA dan jagung juga menyebabkan terjadinya lignifikasi pada akar, sebagai penghalang fisik untuk masuknya patogen. Perkembangan penyakit yang disebabkan oleh R. solani pada akar mikoriza relatif lebih rendah dibandingkan dengan yang tidak terinfeksi mikoriza. Penurunan intensitas penyakit busuk pelepah 22-41% dari hasil penelitian di rumah kaca. CMA yang diuji di lapangan mampu menekan penyakit busuk pelepah 35-36% apabila bersimbiosis dengan Glomus sp, sedangkan Acaulospora mellea hanya dapat menekan 24-28%.