Browsing by Author "Setyono, Agus"

Now showing 1 - 4 of 4
  • No Thumbnail Available
    Item
    Diversitas Serangga Hama Gudang Pada Beras Hibrida Dalam Penyimpanan
    (Balai Besar Penelitian Tanaman Padi, 2010-11-18) Anggara, Agus W.; Setyono, Agus
    Abstract Diversity of Storage Insect Pests in Hybrid Rice. The presence of storage insect pests particularly those observed at stored rice damaged the grains both qualitatively and quantitatively. A study on the occurrence of insect pests in hybrid rice storage was conducted in Seed Processing Unit of the Indonesian Center for Rice Research. The hybrid rice was processed at different milling degrees and was stored for 10 months. Samplings were taken once a month to observe the insect pest population. Results of the experiment indicated that 17 insect species were observed infesting at the stored hybrid rice. These 17 different insect pests were Rhyzopherta dominica, Sitophilus oryzae, Sitophilus zeamais, Oryzaephilus mercator, Oryzaephilus surinamensis, Cryptolestes pussilus, Cryptolertes ferrugineus, Ahasverus advena, Tribolium confusum, Tribolium castaneum, Carphophilus dimidiatus, Ephestia elutella, Peregrinator biannulipes, Liposcelis bostrychophilus, and Liposcelis entomophilus. Two wasps' species, a kind of parasitoid species were observed. Sitophilus oryzae was the dominant species among the others. The longer the hybrid rice was stored, more abundant the insect pests were found. The highest numbers of insect pests were collected from the stored un-husked rice. Therefore, the un-husked rice was not recommended to be stored. Abstrak Diversitas Serangga Hama Gudang pada Beras Hibrida dalam Penyimpanan. Serangga hama gudang dapat menimbulkan kerusakan beras dalam penyimpanan, baik secara kuantitatif serangga pada penyimpanan beras hibrida telah dilakukan di Gudang Prosesing Benih, Balai Besar Penelitian Tanaman Padi. Padi hibrida diproses menjadi beras dengan beragam derajat sosoh dan selanjutnya disimpan selama 10 bulan. Contoh beras untuk pengamatan jenis serangga yang menginfestasinya diambil tiap bulan sekali. Hasil percobaan menunjukkan bahwa teridentifikasi 17 spesies serangga pada penyimpanan beras hibrida, yaitu Rhyzopherta dominica, Sitophilus oryzae, Sitophilus zeamais, Oryzaephilus mercator, Oryzaephilus surinamensis, Cryptolestes pussilus, Cryptolestes ferrugineus, Ahasverus advena, Tribolium confusum, Tribolium castaneum, Carphophilus dimidiatus, Ephestia elutella, Peregrinator biannulipes, Liposcelis bostrychophilus, Liposcelis entomophilus, dan 2 spesies parasitoid. Sitophilus oryzae merupakan spesies yang paling banyak ditemukan. Jumlah individu serangga meningkat seiring jangka waktu simpan beras. Populasi serangga hama paling banyak pada beras pecah kulit (tanpa penyosohan), sehingga beras pecah kulit tidak dianjurkan untuk disimpan.
  • Thumbnail Image
    Item
    Perbaikan Teknologi Pascapanen dalam Upaya Menekan Kehilangan Hasil Padi
    (Badan Penelitian dan Pengembangan Pertanian, 2009-11-26) Setyono, Agus
    Program intensifikasi padi di Indonesia telah berhasil meningkatkan produksi gabah dari 19,32 juta GKG pada tahun 1973 menjadi 21,48 juta ton GKG pada tahun 1983, menjadi 39,03 juta dan 52,08 juta ton GKG pada tahun 1993 dan 2003, yang berarti selama tiga dekade produksi padi meningkat rata-rata 41% (Hafsah dan Sudaryanto 2004). Di sisi lain, upaya penyelamatan hasil panen padi belum mendapat perhatian sebagaimana halnya program intensifikasi itu sendiri. Padahal tingkat kehilangan hasil padi pada saat panen dan sesudahnya cukup tinggi, mencapai 21,0% pada tahun 1986/1987 (BPS, 1988) dan 20,5% pada tahun 1995 (BPS, 1996).
  • No Thumbnail Available
    Item
    Studi Bahan Pengemasan Pada Beberapa Varietas Padi Terhadap Daya Simpan dan Mutu Beras
    (Balai Besar Penelitian Tanaman Padi, 2010-11-18) Jumali; Handoko, Dody D; Setyono, Agus
    Abstract The Study of Packaging Materials on Several Rice Varieties to the Shelf Life and Quality of Rice. The objective of the experiment was to study the effect of packaging materials to the storability and the quality of milled rice. Treatments were different types of packaging materials which were HDPP, HDPE, PP sack, and sack only and rice varieties, which were Ciherang, the mixture of Maro + Rokan. IR42, and Lusi. Milled rice was stored in the storage room of the Eligibility Team of Technology of ICRR for 10 months in which the storage room was cleaned and disinfected prior the usage. Rice was harvested and milled in July 2007, and packed in July 31 to August 1, 2007. The physical quality, the cooking quality. the organoleptic, and the amylose content of the stored milled rice were observed since the first month and being continued at one month interval. Results of the experiment revealed that in general, the milled rice of all rice varieties and packed in all packaging materials were still in a good quality after being stored for 10 months. There was an increase in the moisture content and the number of insects on the stored milled rice of Ciherang, moisture of Maro Rokan, 142, and Lati. During the storage, the value of whiteness, degrees of milling, transparencies, NPA, NPV, alkali spread, and amylose content of the milled rice of all rice varieties were not significantly changed. Higher moisture content and number of insect pests were observed on the milled rice packed in plastic sacks or PP plastic sacks as compared to those of milled rice packed in HDPP and HDPE. A slightly higher number of insect pests was observed on the milled rice packed in a plastic sack as compared to those of milled rice packed in PP plastic sacks. Double packaging of PP and plastic sacks did not affect the stored milled rice. The values of organoleptic test and the value of rice quality decreased in line with the storage period. The rice quality of the IR42 variety was the least accepted by most panelists The whitest and not transparently milled rice of Lumi (the sticky rice), was easily changed into pale yellow or yellowish. The packaging materials of HDPE and HDPP were slightly better in slowing down the rate of the increase in the moisture content and the number of insects pest as compared to the packaging materials of plastic and PP. Abstrak Percobaan ini bertujuan untuk mempelajari pengaruh jenis bahan pengemas terhadap daya simpan dan mutu beras. Perlakuan adalah Jenis pengemas (HDPP, HDPE, PP+karung, dan karung) dan jenis beras (Ciherang, Maro Rokan, IR42, dan Lusi). Beras disimpan dalam Gudang Tim Kelayakan Teknologi, BB Padi yang sebelum digunakan, gudang dibersihkan dan disemprot desinfektan. Beras disimpan di atas alas palet kayu. Proses pemanenan dan penggilingan gabah dilakukan pada bulan Juli 2007 dan pengemasan beras dilakukan pada tanggal 31 Juli-1 Agustus 2007. Mutu beras yang meliputi mutu fisik, mutu tanak, mutu organoleptik, dan kadar armilosa diamati mulai bulan ke-0 penyimpanan. Hasil percobaan menunjukkan bahwa, secara umum mutu beras semua varietas masih baik. Selama penyimpanan dalam kemasan, kadar air dan populasi hama pada beras Cherang. Maro Rokan, IR42, dan Lusi meningkat. Selama penyimpanan, variabel variabel derajat putih, transparansi, NPA, NPV, alkali spread dan kadar amilosa, beras tidak nyata berubah. Kadar air dan populasi serangga hama beras yang dikemas dalam karung plastik atau PP karung plastik sedikit lebih banyak daripada kadar air dan populasi serangga hama beras yang disimpan dalam HDPP dan HDPE. Pengemasan rangkap. yaitu PP dan karung plastik tidak berpengaruh nyata terhadap kualitas beras. Secara umum lama penyimpanan menurunkan nilai organoleptik beras. Nilai penerimaan beras M42 paling rendah setelah penyimpanan di antara heras lain yang dievaluasi. Beras Lusi yang paling putih dan tidak transparan, lebih cepat menjadi kusam atau berwarna kekuningan, dibandingkan dengan beras lain. Pengemasan beras dengan HDPP dan HDPE lebih memperlambat kenaikan kadar air dan populasi serangga hama dibandingkan dengan pengemasan beras dalam karung plastik atau PP karung plastik
  • No Thumbnail Available
    Item
    Studi Bahan Pengemasan Pada Beberapa Varietas Padi Terhadap Daya Simpan dan Mutu Beras
    (Balai Besar Penelitian Tanaman Padi, 2010-11-18) Jumali; Handoko, Dody D.; Setyono, Agus
    Abstract The Study of Packaging Materials on Several Rice Varieties to the Shelf Life and Quality of Rice. The objective of the experiment was to study the effect of packaging materials to the storability and the quality of milled rice. Treatments were different types of packaging materials which were HDPP, HDPE, PP sack, and sack only and rice varieties, which were Ciherang, the mixture of Maro + Rokan. IR42, and Lusi. Milled rice was stored in the storage room of the Eligibility Team of Technology of ICRR for 10 months in which the storage room was cleaned and disinfected prior the usage. Rice was harvested and milled in July 2007, and packed in July 31 to August 1, 2007. The physical quality, the cooking quality. the organoleptic, and the amylose content of the stored milled rice were observed since the first month and being continued at one month interval. Results of the experiment revealed that in general, the milled rice of all rice varieties and packed in all packaging materials were still in a good quality after being stored for 10 months. There was an increase in the moisture content and the number of insects on the stored milled rice of Ciherang, moisture of Maro Rokan, 142, and Lati. During the storage, the value of whiteness, degrees of milling, transparencies, NPA, NPV, alkali spread, and amylose content of the milled rice of all rice varieties were not significantly changed. Higher moisture content and number of insect pests were observed on the milled rice packed in plastic sacks or PP plastic sacks as compared to those of milled rice packed in HDPP and HDPE. A slightly higher number of insect pests was observed on the milled rice packed in a plastic sack as compared to those of milled rice packed in PP plastic sacks. Double packaging of PP and plastic sacks did not affect the stored milled rice. The values of organoleptic test and the value of rice quality decreased in line with the storage period. The rice quality of the IR42 variety was the least accepted by most panellist. The whitest and not transparently milled rice of Lumi (the sticky rice), was easily changed into pale yellow or yellowish. The packaging materials of HDPE and HDPP were slightly better in slowing down the rate of the increase in the moisture content and the number of insects pest as compared to the packaging materials of plastic and PP. Abstrak Percobaan ini bertujuan untuk mempelajari pengaruh jenis bahan pengemas terhadap daya simpan dan mutu beras. Perlakuan adalah Jenis pengemas (HDPP, HDPE, PP+karung, dan karung) dan jenis beras (Ciherang, Maro Rokan, IR42, dan Lusi). Beras disimpan dalam Gudang Tim Kelayakan Teknologi, BB Padi yang sebelum digunakan, gudang dibersihkan dan disemprot desinfektan. Beras disimpan di atas alas palet kayu. Proses pemanenan dan penggilingan gabah dilakukan pada bulan Juli 2007 dan pengemasan beras dilakukan pada tanggal 31 Juli-1 Agustus 2007. Mutu beras yang meliputi mutu fisik, mutu tanak, mutu organoleptik, dan kadar armilosa diamati mulai bulan ke-0 penyimpanan. Hasil percobaan menunjukkan bahwa, secara umum mutu beras semua varietas masih baik. Selama penyimpanan dalam kemasan, kadar air dan populasi hama pada beras Cherang. Maro Rokan, IR42, dan Lusi meningkat. Selama penyimpanan, variabel variabel derajat putih, transparansi, NPA, NPV, alkali spread dan kadar amilosa, beras tidak nyata berubah. Kadar air dan populasi serangga hama beras yang dikemas dalam karung plastik atau PP karung plastik sedikit lebih banyak daripada kadar air dan populasi serangga hama beras yang disimpan dalam HDPP dan HDPE. Pengemasan rangkap. yaitu PP dan karung plastik tidak berpengaruh nyata terhadap kualitas beras. Secara umum lama penyimpanan menurunkan nilai organoleptik beras. Nilai penerimaan beras M42 paling rendah setelah penyimpanan di antara heras lain yang dievaluasi. Beras Lusi yang paling putih dan tidak transparan, lebih cepat menjadi kusam atau berwarna kekuningan, dibandingkan dengan beras lain. Pengemasan beras dengan HDPP dan HDPE lebih memperlambat kenaikan kadar air dan populasi serangga hama dibandingkan dengan pengemasan beras dalam karung plastik atau PP karung plastik