Browsing by Author "Ismail, Inu G."

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    Cropping/Farming Systems Research and Development in Indonesia
    (Pusat Penelitian Agro-Ekonomi, 1985-01-01) A. Syarifuddin K.; McIntosh J.L.; Ismail, Inu G.
    The gradual development of farming systems research in Indonesia has been reported at several meetings and workshops. In brief, the evolutionary process started with some multiple cropping experiments initiated during the 1970 rainy season, at the Central Research Institute for Agriculture (CRIA), Bogor. In the following years, more research was conducted in several locations in cooperation with extension (Directorate General of Food Crops) central and provincial offices. Based on this interest and research IRRI and USAID developed a cooperative project with Indonesia to provide technical assistance for training, equipment, supplies and expatriate technical support. In 1975 IDRC provided additional support for cropping systems research through IRRI to CRIA. In 1976 the Directorate General of Transmigration became interested in our research and provided funds for cropping systems research in several new transmigration sites. Latter, these activities increased further through support of other cooperating agencies and sites were established in Provincial Development Project (PDP) areas in Central Java and Nusa Tenggara Timur (NTT), in the Citanduy Upper River Watershed Project in West Java and in rural development projects in Yogyakarta and Central Java. There have been or presently exist at least 40 cropping/farming systems research sites, just within the Food Crops and Soils Research Center (Figure 1). The research programs vary from one site to the other depending on the respective site characteristics and needs. Within each site, the research program changes with time as research progress changes the needs. The cropping systems research program has developed several alternative cropping patterns for different agroclimatical and edaphological conditions. Since farmers deal with many components in their farming systems, the interaction of the cropping systems with components of farming systems must receive more research emphasis if we are to really help the farmers. Therefore, this research has become pragmatic and oriented more toward farming systems. It is focused research. Only the most important combinations of components of the farm systems are studied at one time. Consequently, though animal and perennial crops are studied as parts of the farming systems, some further research to develop stable food crops production for food subsistence is still a necessity for many small farms.
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    TEKNOLOGI SISTEM USAHATANI PROSPEK PENGEMBANGAN TANAMAN PANGAN DI LAHAN RAWA LEBAK SUMATERA SELATAN
    (Balittra, 1996) Waluyo; Ismail, Inu G.; Balai Penelitian Pertanian Lahan Rawa
    Luas lahan lebak di Sumatera Selatan sekitar 2 juta ha, akan tetapi baru sekitar 300 ribu hektaryang telah diusahakan. Secara tradisional, petani rawa lebak umumnya hanya menanam padi sekali setahun dengan hasil rata-rata 2,7 tma. Berbagai hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa melalui penyempurnaan pengelolaan lahan dan teknik budidaya, daerah lebak mempunyai potensi yang cukup besar untuk pengembangan tanaman padi maupun palawija. Dengan penggunaan varietas unggul yang sesuai dan teknik budidaya yang baik, hasil padi dapat mencapai 5,0 - 7,5 bha dan kedelai 2 t/ha. Peningkatan produksi tanaman di lahan rawa lebak selain dapat dilakukan melalui peningkatan produktivitas lahan, juga melalui pengaturan pola tanam yang tepat sesuai dengan tipologi lahannya (lebak dangkal, tengahan dan dalam). Peningkatan intensitas tanam dengan pola tanam padi-palawija-padi dapat memberikan pendapatan petani sebesar Rp 2.059.000 pada rawa dangkal dan tengahan di Kijang Ulu, Sumatera Selatan. Kendala utama pengembangan tanaman pangan di lahan lebak, antara Iain: fluktuasi genang air tak menentu, hama tikus dan orong-orong, terbatasnya tenaga dan modal kerja serta ketersediaan sarana produksi.