Analisis Penyusunan Prioritas Kegiatan dalam Mendukung Diberlakukannya Kewajiban Fermentasi Biji Kakao
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Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Perkebunan
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Kakao merupakan komoditas perkebunan yang berperan penting dalam perekonomian nasional. Namun, kakao Indonesia masih dihadapkan pada masalah di bidang produksi, pengolahan, dan pemasaran. Pemerintah telah mengeluarkan Peraturan Menteri Pertanian (Permentan) Nomor 67/Permentan/OT.140/5/2014 untuk meningkatkan daya saing dan nilai tambah biji kakao Indonesia, mendukung pengembangan industri berbahan baku kakao dalam negeri, memberikan perlindungan pada konsumen dari peredaran biji kakao yang tidak memenuhi persyaratan mutu, meningkatkan pendapatan petani kakao, dan mempermudah penelusuran kembali kemungkinan terjadinya penyimpangan produksi dan peredaran. Tujuan penelitian adalah menyusun rekomendasi prioritas kegiatan yang harus dilakukan untuk mendukung Permentan Nomor 67/Permentan/OT.140/5/2014. Penelitian dilaksanakan di Sumatera Barat, Jawa Barat, Jawa Timur, Yogyakarta, dan DKI Jakarta, mulai bulan Januari sampai Desember 2016. Penelitian dilakukan dengan metode survei dan data diolah dengan analisis hierarki proses (AHP). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa prioritas kegiatan yang harus dicapai untuk mendukung Permentan Nomor 67/Permentan/OT.140/5/2014 adalah: (1) memberlakukan kebijakan nasional tentang pengolahan biji kakao fermentasi yang dimplementasikan secara tegas, konsisten, dan kontinu; (2) melaksanakan diversifikasi produk sekunder kakao yang mampu dilakukan petani dengan biaya murah, mudah, dan didukung teknologi tepat guna; (3) melakukan kampanye untuk meningkatkan kesadaran nasional akan pentingnya ketahanan energi yang dikakukan secara kontinu, masif, dan intensif; (4) memacu investor/pengusaha industri hilir kakao berskala besar dan usaha berskala kecil sampai menengah di pedesaan untuk secara konsisten menjalankan industri pengolahan kakao; (5) melaksanakan intensifikasi, rehabilitasi, dan peremajaan tanaman kakao agar produksi mencukupi kebutuhan baku industri kakao domestik.
Cocoa is a strategic commodity with an important role in Indonesian economy. Despite being the world's third largest cocoa producer and exporter after Ivory Coast and Ghana, Indonesia still faces a number of problems in production, processing, and marketing. The government issued Permentan Nomor 67/Permentan/OT.140 /5/2014 which aims to improve the competitiveness and added value of Indonesian cocoa, support national cocoa postharvest industries, protect the consumers of unqualified cocoa beans, increase cocoa farmers’ income, and facilitate the tracing for production and circulation deviation. The study aimed to develop a strategic priority recommendation in achieving the goals of Permentan Nomor 67/ Permentan/OT.140/5/2014. The study was conducted in West Sumatra, West Java, East Java, Yogyakarta, and DKI Jakarta from January to December 2016. The study was conducted by survey method and the data was analyzed analytic hierarchy process (AHP). The results indicated that priorities should be put forward on: 1) implementing national regulation on cocoa beans fermentation consistenly and continuously; 2) product diversification with affordable and achievable cost and technology; 3) a massive, continuous, and intensive campaign on social awareness of the importance of sustainable energy; 4) stimulating small to big scale cocoa processing industries; 5) intensification, rehabilitation, and rejuvenation of the cocoa farming to meet the domestic demand for cocoa.
Cocoa is a strategic commodity with an important role in Indonesian economy. Despite being the world's third largest cocoa producer and exporter after Ivory Coast and Ghana, Indonesia still faces a number of problems in production, processing, and marketing. The government issued Permentan Nomor 67/Permentan/OT.140 /5/2014 which aims to improve the competitiveness and added value of Indonesian cocoa, support national cocoa postharvest industries, protect the consumers of unqualified cocoa beans, increase cocoa farmers’ income, and facilitate the tracing for production and circulation deviation. The study aimed to develop a strategic priority recommendation in achieving the goals of Permentan Nomor 67/ Permentan/OT.140/5/2014. The study was conducted in West Sumatra, West Java, East Java, Yogyakarta, and DKI Jakarta from January to December 2016. The study was conducted by survey method and the data was analyzed analytic hierarchy process (AHP). The results indicated that priorities should be put forward on: 1) implementing national regulation on cocoa beans fermentation consistenly and continuously; 2) product diversification with affordable and achievable cost and technology; 3) a massive, continuous, and intensive campaign on social awareness of the importance of sustainable energy; 4) stimulating small to big scale cocoa processing industries; 5) intensification, rehabilitation, and rejuvenation of the cocoa farming to meet the domestic demand for cocoa.
Keywords
Analisis hierarki proses (AHP); biji; fermentasi; kakao; pemasaran, , Analysis hierarchy process (AHP); bean; cocoa; fermented; marketing,