Formulasi Dan Karakterisasi Shampo Anti Jamur Dengan Penambahan Ekstrak Lengkuas Merah
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Balai Besar Penelitian dan Pengembangan Pascapanen Pertanian
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Lengkuas merah (Alpinia galanga) sudah terbukti berkhasiat sebagai anti jamur dengan bahan aktif seperti eugenol, kaemferol, galangin, dan asetokavikol asetat. Penggunaan ekstrak lengkuas merah dalam prod uk sampo diharapkan dapat meningkatkan nilai tambah lengkuas merah selain sebagai upaya penemuan altematif sumber sediaan obat yang lebih aman bagi penderita infeksi kulit kepala. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk, (I) mengetahui efektivitas sampo dengan penambahan ekstrak lengkuas merah terhadap jamur penyebab infeksi kulit kepala, (2) mengetahui pengaruh penambahan ekstrak lengkuas merah terhadap karakteristik produk sampo, dan (3) untuk mengetahui kesukaan konsumen terhadap produk sampo dengan penambahan ekstrak lengkuas merah. Pada penelitian ini dilakukan formulasi sampo dengan penambahan bcberapa konsentrasi ekstrak lengkuas merah. Rancangan yang digunakan adalah Rancangan Acak Lengkap faktor tunggal dengan 4 variasi konsentrasi ekstrak lengkuas merah yaitu D,S %, 1%, 2% dan 3 %. Sebagai kontrol dibuat formula tanpa penambahan ekstrak lengkuas. Parameter yang diamati meliputi pH, kadar air, kadar alkali bebas, stabilitas emulsi, viskositas, uji daya hambat dan uji organoleptik. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa sampo dengan penambahan ekstrak lengkuas merah cukup efektif menghambat jamur Tricophyton mentagropytes dan Microsporum canis dengan diameter daerah hambat masing-masing 29-34 mm dan 32,3-36 mm. Penambahan ekstrak lengkuas merah ternyata mempengaruhi karakterisrik sampo, nilai pH, kadar air, kadar alkali bebas, dan stabilitas emulsi lengkuas merah memenuhi standar (SNI 06-2692-1992). Berdasarkan karakteristik sampo, stabilitas produk dan uji preferensi, maka formula sampo ekstrak lengkuas merah yang disarankan adalah dengan konsentrasi ekstrak lengkuas merah 0,5 % Formulation and characterization of antifungal shampoo containing red galangal (Alpinio galanga) extractRed galangal has been proven as antifungal containing bioactive compounds such as eugenol, kaempferol, galangin, and I'-Acetoxychavicol Acetate. Incorporation of red galangal extract into shampoo is a promising approach to increase added value of red galangal which mostly used as spices. Besides, antifungal shampoo with red galangal extract is safer than those with synthetic antifungal active material. The aims of the research were to find out (J) effectiveness of red galangal shampoo in inhibiting scalp-infecting fungi, (2) effect of addition of red galangal extract on the characteristics of shampoo, and (3) preferences of red galangal shampoo. Experiments were conducted by incorporating red galangal extract into shampoo added at four different concentrations (0.5%, 1%, 2% and 3 %). Shampoo without galangal extract was used as a control. Research was performed using Single Factor Completely Randomized Design with four levels of red galangal extract concentrations. The response parameters measured included pH, moisture content, free alkali, emulsion stability, viscosity, inhibitory test and preference test of the shampoo. Result showed that red galangal shampoo effectively inhibited T mentagropytes and M. canis with inhibition zone of 29-34 mm and 32.3-36 mm, respectively. Addition of red galangal extract affected the characteristics of shampoo. Value of pH, moisture content, free alkali, and emulsion stability of the shampoo with red galangal extract were in the range of Indonesian National Standard for shampoo (SNI 06-2692-1992). The viscosity of shampoo with 3 % extract addition was higher than that of Indonesian National Standard. Statistical analysis showed that the level of addition of red gal an gal extract influenced pH value, moisture content, viscosity, and emulsion stability of shampoo. Shampoo with O.S % red galangal extract was recommended.
Keywords
Lengkuas merah; sampo; antijamur; T meniagropytes, M; canis; Alpinia galangal; shampoo; antifungal.