Peranan Varietas dan Galur Padi dan Predator dalam Mengendalikan Wereng Coklat
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Date
2010-11-18
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Balai Besar Penelitian Tanaman Padi
Abstract
Abstract
Performance of Rice Varieties and Predators in Managing the Population of BPH. A study on the performance of several rice varieties and predators to manage the development of the brown planthopper (BPH), Nilaparvata lugens Stål, was carried out in Dempet, Demak, Central Java, during the wet season of 2007. The trial was arranged in Randomized Block Design with three replications. Treatments were 10 rice varieties, i.e. IR74, BP360, Ciherang, IR64, Clapus, Conde. Digul, Ketonggo, Cimelati, and Mekongga. Results of this trial indicated that the performance of rice varieties in managing the population of BPH can be categorized into three groups of characters, with the BPH population occurred on IR64 as the comparison. The first group includes the varieties of IR74, BP360, and Ciherang, which were able to highly reduce the population of BPH by 72.24, 58.94, and 37.79%, respectively. The second group includes the varieties of Ciapus, Conde, and Digul which were able to moderately reduce the population of BPH by 35.05, 13.57, and 12.00%, respectively. While the third group includes those rice varieties which were not able to inhibit the population of BPH development. These varieties were Ketonggo, Cimelati, and Mekongga with higher BPH population by 35.05, 13.57, and 12.00%, respectively, than that on IR64. Starting when the rice crop was at 30 days of age, the BPH population developed up to the time when the rice crop reached 80 days of age. Especially the one that occurred on the third group of varieties, predators were not able to inhibit the development of BPH population. Under such cisrcumstances the BPH predators, such as Lycosa pseudoannulata, spiders, Paederus fuscifes, and Cyrtorhinus lividipennis were not able to competitively develop against the development of BPH. The highest rice yields harvested from the varieties protected with insecticides was demonstrated by Ciherang, which reached up tons 10,5 t/ha of milling dried grain and was followed by BP360, Mekongga, and Conde varieties
Abstrak
Penelitian kinerja beberapa varietas padi dan predator untuk mengendalikan wereng coklat dilaksanakan di pertanaman petani di Dempet., Demak, Jawa Tengah pada MP 2007. Penelitian ditata dalam Rancangan Acak Kelompok dengan 3 ulangan. Sebanyak 10 varietas dan galur, yaitu IR74, BP360, Ciherang, IR64, Ciapus, Conde, Digul, Ketonggo, Cimelati, dan Mekongga ditanam dalam percobaan ini. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kinerja varietas/galur di lapangan dapat dikelompokkan ke dalam tiga kelompok karakter. Kelompok pertama adalah varietas-varietas IR74, BP360, dan Ciherang yang mampu menurunkan wereng coklat masing-masing sebesar 72,24%, 58,94%, dan 37,79%. Kelompok kedua adalah varietas-varietas Ciapus, Conde, dan Digul yang mampu menurunkan wereng coklat masing-masing sebesar 35,05%, 13,57%, dan 12%. Sedangkan kelompok ketiga adalah varietas-varietas yang tidak mampu menurunkan populasi wereng coklat. Varietas yang termasuk dalam kelompok ini adalah Ketonggo, Cimelati, clan Mekongga. Populasi wereng coklat pada varietas-varietas ini berturut-turut 35,05%, 13,57%, dan 12% lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan populasi wereng coklat pada IR64. Populasi wereng coklat terus meningkat sejalan dengan meningkatnya umur tanaman padi, walaupun peningkatan yang terjadi pada beberapa varietas lebih lambat dibanding yang terjadi pada beberapa varietas yang lain. Predator tidak mampu menghambat ambat laju peningkatan wereng coklat, terutama yang terjadi pada varietas-varietas kelompok tiga, sehingga peran Lycosa pseudoannulata, laba-laba, Paederus fuscifes, dan Cyrtorhinus lividipennis tidak mampu mengimbangi perkembangan populasi wereng coklat. Hasil gabah tertinggi pertanaman padi yang diperlakukan dengan insektisida adalah sebesar 10,5 t/ha GKP yang dicapai oleh Ciherang, diikuti oleh BP360, Mekongga, dan Conde.
Description
11 p.; ills.; tab.