Evaluasi Konsentrasi dan Jenis Larutan Kimia Untuk Pematahan Dormansi Benih Padi
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Date
2010-11-18
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Balai Besar Penelitian Tanaman Padi
Abstract
Abstract
Study on the Chemical Solution for Breaking Dormancy of Rice Seeds. Although dormancy occurred naturally on seeds of various crops including rice crop serves as the mechanism to protect the seeds from being germinate while they are still in the field, but it could be a problem for seeds when the farmers expect them to grow soon. Effective method, therefore, is needed to overcome the problem on rice seeds dormancy which is useful not only for seed analysts but also for the seed growers. An experiment to evaluate the methods of breaking dormancy of rice seeds has been carried out at the Seed Laboratory of the Indonesian Centre for Rice Research in 2007. Rice seeds of Gilirang, IR64, and Way Apo Buru varieties showing low normal seedlings were selected and used in the experiment. Prior to germinating, the seeds were soaked in: (1) 1% solution of KNO, (p.a.), (2) 3% and 5% solutions of compound fertilizers, (3) 0.25%, 0.50%, and 1% solution of plant growth regulator (PGR), and (4) untreated check. Results of the experiment indicated that 1% solution of KNO, 3% and 5% solutions of compound fertilizers. and 0.25%, 0.50%, and 1% PGR, increased the germination of rice seeds of Gilirang, IR64 and Way Apo Buru. Rates of solutions were not significantly affected the seed germination. This experiment concluded that 3% solution of N and K compound fertilizers, 3% solution of N, K, Na, and B compound fertilizers, 0.25% solution of PGR containing active ingredient of natrium nitrophenol and natrium guaiacol, and 0.25% PGR of GA, was suggested to break the dormancy of rice seeds.
Abstrak
Sifat dorman yang secara alamiah terdapat pada berbagai biji tanaman, termasuk pada benih padi, selain bermanfaat untuk menghambat proses berkecambah selama biji berada di lapangan. Sifat ini juga dapat menimbulkan permasalahan pada saat biji diperlukan berkecambah. Untuk itu, diperlukan metode yang efektif untuk mengatasi dormansi terutama biji padi, tidak hanya bagi para analis, tetapi juga para penangkar benih. Penelitian untuk mendapatkan metode efektif pematahan dormansi padi telah dilakukan di Balai Besar Penelitian Tanaman Padi pada tahun 2007. Benih tiga varietas padi, yang memiliki daya kecambah normal rendah, yaitu Gilirang, IR64, dan Way Apo Buru dorman digunakan dalam percobaan ini. Sebelum dikecambahkan benih direndam dalam larutan KNO, 1%, dua macam larutan pupuk majemuk dengan konsentrasi 3% dan 5%, serta tiga larutan zat pengatur tumbuh (ZPT) dengan konsentrasi 0,25%, 0,50%, dan 1%. Benih pada perlakuan kontrol tidak menggunakan larutan kimia. Hasil percobaan menunjukkan bahwa KNO, 1%, pupuk majemuk 3% dan 5%, serta ZPT 0,25%, 0,50%, dan 1% mampu meningkatkan daya kecambah normal benih padi. Konsentrasi larutan kimia tidak berpengaruh nyata terhadap kecambah normal benih padi. Dari percobaan ini disimpan bahwa untuk pematahan dormansi benih padi dapat digunakan larutan pupuk majemuk mengandung N dan K 3%, larutan pupuk majemuk mengandung N K, Na, dan B 3%, larutan ZPT berbahan aktif natrium nitrofenol dan natrium guaiakol 0,25%, dan larutan ZPT berbahan aktif GA, 0,25%.
Description
13 p.; tab.