Rejuvenation and Morphological Characterization of Local Rice from the Province of Yogyakarta
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Date
2022-01-19
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Balai Besar Penelitian dan Pengembangan Bioteknologi dan Sumber Daya Genetik Pertanian
Abstract
Abstract. Rejuvenation is one of the efforts in ex situ conservation to improve the viability and availability of seed collection. Morphological characterization is important in plant breeding. It can be used to classify genotypes to find out relationship between genotype which is used as reference material in selection. The Province of Yogyakarta has various
genetic resources of local rice obtained through several years of exploration, but some have not been known for its potential superiority. Some of these local rice collections are currently limited in seed number, morphological, and other important characteristics data are still lacking. Therefore, rejuvenation and characterization are needed for providing
breeding materials. This research aimed to rejuvenate and to evaluate the morphological characters of 15 Yogyakarta local rice. Rejuvenation and characterization of the varieties in vegetative and generative growth stages were carried out in 2019 at a screen house in Banyakan, Bantul Regency. The result showed that rejuvenation of 15 local rice produced 13 cultivars which yielded >100 g of seeds per cultivar. Based on quantitative character, 15 local rice could be grouped into three main groups. The first group consisted of 12 local rice, the second group consisted of 2 local rice, and the third group consisted of 1 local rice. The main determinant characters were days of maturity, plant height, number of grains per panicle, and grain weight. Based on the qualitative character, 15 local rice could be grouped into two groups. First group consisted of 12 local rice and the second group consisted of 3 local rice. The most determinant characters were grain color and flag-leaf attitude. Grouping local rice based on its morphological characters can be used as a reference in selection. In this case, the effectiveness of selection can be easily understood by using color clustergram visualization.
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Keywords
Rejuvenation, rice, Yogyakarta