Pengaruh Tingkat Kematangan Buah terhadap Kehilangan Hasil dan Mutu Green Bean Kopi Robusta
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Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Perkebunan
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Kopi Robusta Kepahiang telah mendapatkan sertifikat Indikasi Geografis (IG). Upaya untuk mempertahankan mutu kopi beras dilakukan dengan menerapkan teknologi panen yang baik. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengevaluasi pengaruh tingkat kematangan buah saat dipanen terhadap kehilangan hasil akibat serangan penggerek buah kopi (PBKo) dan mutu kopi beras. Penelitian dilaksanakan pada bulan Desember 2019 sampai Agustus 2020 di Desa Bukit Sari, Kecamatan Kabawetan, Kabupaten Kepahiang, Provinsi Bengkulu. Tingkat kematangan buah kopi yang dipanen dibuat menjadi 3 kategori, yaitu: merah (K1), kuning kemerahan (K2), dan hijau kekuningan (K3). Parameter yang diamati adalah buah terserang PBKo, rendemen, mutu fisik kopi beras dan kandungan kimianya. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa tingkat serangan PBKo tertinggi terjadi pada buah panen merah sebesar 34,33%, sedangkan rendemen tertinggi pada buah panen hijau kekuningan sebesar 20,52%. Persentase kehilangan hasil akibat serangan PBKo tertinggi terjadi pada buah merah sebesar 30,23%. Mutu fisik dan kandungan kimia yang terbaik diperoleh pada buah panen merah.
Kepahiang Robusta coffee has received a Geographical Indication (GI) certificate. Maintaining the quality of green coffee bean has been achieved through the application of proper harvesting technology. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of fruit maturity level when harvested on yield losses due to coffee berry borer (CBB) and the quality of green coffee bean. The research was conducted from December 2019 to August 2020 in Bukit Sari Village, Kabawetan District, Kepahiang Regency, Bengkulu Province. The harvested beans were categorized into 3 groups based on their maturity level, namely: red (K1), reddish yellow (K2), and yellowish green (K3). The parameters observed were the CBB infecteds, yield, physical quality of green coffee bean and chemical content. The results showed that the highest attack rate of CBB found in the red berry about 34.33%, whereas the highest rendement was 20.52% found in yellowish-green berry. The highest percentage of yield loss due to CBB attacks occurred in red berry at 30.23%. However, the best physical quality and chemical content was also found in the red berry.
Kepahiang Robusta coffee has received a Geographical Indication (GI) certificate. Maintaining the quality of green coffee bean has been achieved through the application of proper harvesting technology. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of fruit maturity level when harvested on yield losses due to coffee berry borer (CBB) and the quality of green coffee bean. The research was conducted from December 2019 to August 2020 in Bukit Sari Village, Kabawetan District, Kepahiang Regency, Bengkulu Province. The harvested beans were categorized into 3 groups based on their maturity level, namely: red (K1), reddish yellow (K2), and yellowish green (K3). The parameters observed were the CBB infecteds, yield, physical quality of green coffee bean and chemical content. The results showed that the highest attack rate of CBB found in the red berry about 34.33%, whereas the highest rendement was 20.52% found in yellowish-green berry. The highest percentage of yield loss due to CBB attacks occurred in red berry at 30.23%. However, the best physical quality and chemical content was also found in the red berry.
Keywords
Kehilangan hasil; kopi Robusta; panen; mutu, Agriculture (S1-(972)), Harvest; Robusta coffee; quality; yield loss,