PERANAN AGENS HAYATI DALAM MENGENDALIKAN PENYAKIT JAMUR AKAR PUTIH PADA TANAMAN KARET The Role Of Biocontrol Agents To Control White Root Disease In Rubber
dc.contributor | id-ID | |
dc.creator | Amaria, Widi; (Phytopathology), (H-index: 2), Balai Penelitian Tanaman Industri dan Penyegar | |
dc.creator | Khaerati, Khaerati | |
dc.creator | Harni, Rita | |
dc.date | 2019-11-19 | |
dc.date.accessioned | 2021-09-07T03:08:12Z | |
dc.date.available | 2021-09-07T03:08:12Z | |
dc.description | Penyakit jamur akar putih (JAP) yang disebabkan oleh Rigidoporus microporus merupakan penyakit penting pada tanaman karet (Hevea brasiliensis). Daerah serangan cukup luas dan menyebabkan kerugian ekonomi mencapai 1,8 trilliun rupiah. R. microporus merupakan patogen tular tanah yang menginfeksi mulai pembibitan sampai tanaman dewasa di lapang melalui proses mekanis dan enzimatis. Patogen R. microporus menginfeksi Rhizomorf R. microporus cepat berkembang dan mampu bertahan selama bertahun-tahun di dalam tanah. Pengendalian dengan menggunakan fungisida kimia secara terus menerus dapat mengganggu kestabilan lingkungan. Upaya mengurangi dampak negatif tersebut, dilakukan melalui penerapan teknologi pengendalian hayati dengan pemanfaatan agens hayati. Keunggulan penggunaan agens hayati antagonis adalah mudah berkembang dan beradaptasi dengan lingkungan, mengurangi inokulum patogen, mudah didapatkan dan diperbanyak, serta aman untuk lingkungan. Agens hayati antagonis yang telah digunakan untuk mengendalikan penyakit JAP, antara lain dari kelompok jamur Trichoderma, Hypocrea, Aspergillus, Chaetomium, Botryodiplodia, Penicillium, Paecilomyces, dan Eupenicillium, kelompok bakteri adalah Bacillus dan Pseudomonas, serta kelompok aktinobakteri dari marga Streptomyces. Mekanisme agens hayati menekan infeksi R. microporus dengan kompetisi, antibiosis, hiperparasitisme, dan lisis. Keefektifan dan kestabilan agens hayati perlu diformulasi dalam bentuk biofungsida dengan menggunakan bahan pembawa dan tambahan tertentu. Keberhasilan aplikasi biofungisida sangat dipengaruhi oleh faktor lingkungan seperti suhu, kelembapan, dan pH. Selain itu, juga didukung oleh komponen budi daya tanaman, seperti penggunaan pupuk organik, dan sanitasi lingkungan dengan pemusnahan sumber inokulum. ABSTRACT White root disease (WRD) caused by Rigidoporus microporus is an important disease in rubber (Hevea brasiliensis). The area of attack was quite extensive and caused economic losses up to 1.8 trillion rupiahs. R. microporus is a soil-borne pathogen that infects from seedlings to mature plants in the field through mechanical and enzymatic processes. Rhizomorph able to spreads and survives for years in the soil. Control using chemical fungicides continuously affects the environment stability. The efforts to reduce are conducted through the application of biological control technology with the use of antagonistic biological agents. The benefits of antagonistic biological agents include: easy to develop and adapt to the environment, reducing pathogen inoculum, easily obtained and reproduced, and safe for the environment. The antagonistic biological agents to control WRD include fungus: Trichoderma, Hypocrea, Aspergillus, Chaetomium, Botryodiplodia, Penicillium, Paecilomyces, Eupenicillium, bacteria: Bacillus and Pseudomonas, and actinobacteria: Streptomyces. The mechanism of biological agents that suppress R. microporus infections with the competition, antibiosis, hyperparasitism, and lysis. The effectiveness and stability of biological agents need to be formulated into biofungicide using carriers and additives. The successful application of biofungicide is strongly influenced by environmental factors such as temperature, humidity, and pH. It is also supported by the cultivation techniques and environmental sanitation, including inoculum source. | id-ID |
dc.format | application/pdf | |
dc.identifier | http://ejurnal.litbang.pertanian.go.id/index.php/psp/article/view/10026 | |
dc.identifier | 10.21082/psp.v18n1.2019.52-66 | |
dc.identifier.uri | https://repository.pertanian.go.id/handle/123456789/13701 | |
dc.language | eng | |
dc.publisher | Puslitbang Perkebunan | en-US |
dc.relation | http://ejurnal.litbang.pertanian.go.id/index.php/psp/article/view/10026/pdf-Perspektif | |
dc.rights | Copyright (c) 2019 Perspektif | en-US |
dc.rights | http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0 | en-US |
dc.source | Perspektif; Vol 18, No 1 (2019): Juni 2019; 52-66 | en-US |
dc.source | 2540-8240 | |
dc.source | 1412-8004 | |
dc.subject | Hevea brasiliensis, pengendalian hayati, jamur akar putih/Hevea brasiliensis, biological control, white root disease | id-ID |
dc.title | PERANAN AGENS HAYATI DALAM MENGENDALIKAN PENYAKIT JAMUR AKAR PUTIH PADA TANAMAN KARET The Role Of Biocontrol Agents To Control White Root Disease In Rubber | id-ID |
dc.type | info:eu-repo/semantics/article | |
dc.type | info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion | |
dc.type | Peer-reviewed Article | en-US |
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