Respons Galur Padi Tipe Baru Terhadap Pupuk dan Cara Tanam Padi
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Date
2010-11-18
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Balai Besar Penelitian Tanaman Padi
Abstract
Abstract
Response of New Plant Type Rice (NPT) to Fertilizers and Planting Method. To perform as its potentials, NPT rice should be accompanied with its production technologies when it is distributed to the farmers. An experiment with the objective of to study the effect of fertilizers and plant population to grain yields and yield components of rice was conducted in Latosol soil of Muara Experimental Station of the Indonesian Centre for Rice Research, during the two cropping seasons (CS), CS-1 and CS-2 of 2007. The experiment was arranged in a Split Plot Design with three replications. Rates of fertilizers were: P1200 kg urea 100 kg SP36+100 kg KCI/ha: P2400 kg urea 150 kg SP36+ 150 kg KCI/ha manure 5 t/ha; and P3 depend on leaf colour of rice measured by leaf colour chart (LCC), were arranged as the main plots. The sub plots were three NPT rice breeding lines, namely BP205, BP355, B11007 E-MR-3-2-PN-2-1, and one variety Ciherang. The rice plants were transplanted with the planting space of 20 cm x 20 cm and legowo 2:1 (40 cm x 20 cm x 10 cm), one seedling per hill. Results of the experiment indicated that in both cropping seasons, the rice yields were not significantly improved by the increase of the fertilizer's rates. The NPT rice produced longer panicles, higher weight of 1,000 filled grains, and higher weight of filled grain per panicle, but lower number of panicles per hill and filled grains as compared to that of Ciherang. The grain yields of Ciherang variety reached 3.94 1 and 6.79 t/ha during the CS-1 and CS-2 cropping seasons, respectively. The grain yields of NPT lines harvested from the CS-1 and CS-2 were 182-391 t/ha and 4.39-6.03 /ha, respectively, fertilizers should be applied for latosol solid of Muara Experimental Station during both seasons The rates of NPK 90 kg Niha - 36 kg PO/ha 50 kg KO/ha or depend on the results of LCC reading, It was recommended that during the rainy season the plant spacing of 20 cm x 20 cm should be applied.
Abstrak
Agar galur padi tipe baru (PTB) generasi kedua mampu berpenampilan sesuai dengan potensi yang dimilikinya, maka perlu didampingi dengan teknologi budidaya yang sesuai. Penelitian lapangan telah dilaksanakan di tanah Latosol Kebun Percobaan (KP) Muara, Balai Besar Penelitian Tanaman Padi, pada MT-1 dan MT-2 2007. Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi respons galur padi tipe baru terhadap pupuk dan cara tanam. Percobaan ditata dalam Rancangan Petak Terpisah dengan tiga ulangan. Petak utama adalah takaran pupuk: P1 = 200 kg urea + 100 kg SP36+100 kg KCI/ha: P2400 kg urea 150 kg SP36 150 kg KCl/ha pupuk kandang 5 t/ha, dan P3 pupuk N berdasarkan pada nilai bagan warna daun (BWD). Anak petak adalah varietas dan galur PTB: Ciherang. BP205, BP355, dan B11007E-MR-3-2-PN-2-1. yang ditanam dengan jarak tanam 20 cm x 20 cm dan legowo 2:1 (40cmx 20 cm x 10 cm), satu bibit per lubang. Hasil percobaan menunjukkan bahwa hasil gabah kering PTB terendah diperoleh dari pertanaman MT-1 yang dipupuk dengan takaran tinggi. Peningkatan takaran pupuk tidak berpengaruh nyata terhadap peningkatan hasil gabah kering pada MT-2. Galur PTB memiliki malai lebih panjang, bobot gabah 1.000 butir lebih tinggi, dan bobot gabah isi/malai lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan panjang malai, bobot 1.000 butir, dan bobot gabah isi/malai varietas Ciherang, tetapi jumlah malai/rumpun dan gabah isinya lebih rendah. Hasil gabah kering varietas Ciherang mencapai 3,94 1 dan 6,79 t/ha GKG, berturut-turut pada MT-1 dan MT-2. Hasil gabah kering galur PTB berkisar antara 3.82-3.91 1 dan 4,39-6,03 t/ha GKG, berturut-turut pada MT-1 dan MT-2. Takaran pupuk untuk tanah latosol KP Muara yang disarankan adalah 90 kg N +36 kg PO, 50 kg K,O/ha untuk kedua musim tanam atau permupukan berdasarkan nilai pembacaan dengan Bagan Warna Daun (BWD). Pada musim hujan, untuk lokasi dengan curah hujan tinggi dan endemi penyakit hawar daun bakteri (HDB) seperti di KP Muara, cara tanam legowo tidak dianjurkan.
Description
16 p.; iils.; tab.