Pathogen of Cocoa Pod Rot Disease: Characters and Patogenicity of Phytophthora palmivora Isolates Originated From Pakuwon, Sukabumi

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dc.contributorDr. Alina Akhdiaen-US
dc.contributorAde Akhmaden-US
dc.contributorDr. Alina Akhdiaid-ID
dc.contributorAde Akhmadid-ID
dc.creatorWartono, Wartono; Balai Besar Penelitian dan Pengembangan Bioteknologi dan Sumberdaya Genetik Pertanian
dc.creatorTaufiq, Efi; Balai Penelitian Tanaman Industri dan Penyegar
dc.date2021-03-30
dc.date.accessioned2021-09-07T03:02:56Z
dc.date.available2021-09-07T03:02:56Z
dc.descriptionPhytophthora palmivora (Butl.) is a major obstacle in cocoa cultivation worldwide. The study aimed to determine the morphological character and pathogenicity of P. palmivora Pakuwon isolate. The study was carried out from November 2020 to January 2021, which consisted of 3 activities e.g. (1) pathogen isolation, tests on growth rate and colony formation, and stimulation of sporangia, zoospore, and clamydospore formation, which was performed  in CMA, PDA, and mung bean media. The parameters observed were colony shape, growth rate, shape and size of sporangia, papillae, and sporangiophores, also chlamydospore and hyphal diameters; (2) To determine the possibility of different mating types, two isolates were grown on CMA medium in one petri dish; (3) The pathogenicity test, using a detached fruit assay by inoculating the cocoa pods with mycelium plug and zoospores. The patogenicity test was conducted in a completely randomized design with 4 replications, and the parameter observed was the area of the spot. The isolation obtained 3 isolates, the mycelium of all three isolates showed white in color, cottony, and  no pattern in shape. The diameters of hyphae and chlamydospores were 5.6 - 6.3 mm and 39.0 - 43.2 mm, respectively. The sporangia were ovoid, ellipsoid, subsperic, obpyriform, and irregular. Sporangia measured 5.6 - 60.1 mm in length and 30.4 - 32.9 mm in width. Papillae were obviously visible with an average length of 6.8 mm. Test on mating types showed no oospores formed. PPkw1 isolates showed higher growth rates and more pathogenic than PPkw2 and PPkw3. The difference of pathogenicity of each P. palmivora isolates originated from Pakuwon can be used for selection of cocoa resistance in the future.en-US
dc.descriptionPhytophthora palmivora (Butl.) merupakan kendala utama dalam budidaya kakao di seluruh dunia. Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengetahui karakter morfologi dan patogenisitas P. palmivora  isolat Pakuwon, patogen busuk buah kakao.. Penelitian dilakukan pada November 2020 sampai Januari 2021, terdiri dari 3 kegiatan: (1) Isolasi patogen, uji daya tumbuh, dan  stimulasi pembentukan sporangia, zoospora, serta klamidospora, masing-masing dilakukan pada media CMA, PDA dan ekstrak kacang hijau. Parameter yang diamati adalah bentuk koloni, daya tumbuh, bentuk dan ukuran sporangia, papila, dan sporangiofor, serta diameter klamidospor dan hifa; (2) Tipe kawin, dengan menumbuhkan dua isolat pada media CMA dalam satu cawan petri; dan (3) Uji patogenisitas menggunakan detached fruit assay, dengan menginokulasi buah kakao menggunakan potongan miselium dan zoospora. Pengujian dilakukan dalam rancangan acak lengkap dengan 4 ulangan, parameter yang diamati adalah luas bercak. Hasil isolasi diperoleh 3 isolat dengan miselia  berwarna putih, berkapas, dengan bentuk tidak berpola. Diameter hifa dan klamidospor masing-masing 5,6 – 6,3 mm dan 39,0 – 43,2 mm. Bentuk sporangia ovoid, ellipsoid, subsperic, obpyriform, dan irregular. Sporangium berukuran panjang 5,6 – 60,1 mm dan lebar 30,4 – 32,9 mm. Papila terlihat jelas dengan panjang rata-rata 6,8 mm. Hasil penelitian tipe kawin dengan menumbuhkan dua isolat pada media CMA, oospora tidak terbentuk. Isolat PPkw1 menunjukkan laju pertumbuhan dan patogenisitas lebih tinggi dibanding PPkw2 dan PPkw3. Perbedaan patogenisitas isolat P. palmivora yang berasal Pakuwon dapat digunakan untuk seleksi ketahanan tanaman kakao di masa mendatang.id-ID
dc.formatapplication/pdf
dc.identifierhttp://ejurnal.litbang.pertanian.go.id/index.php/bultri/article/view/12667
dc.identifier10.21082/jtidp.v8n1.2021.p49-58
dc.identifier.urihttps://repository.pertanian.go.id/handle/123456789/13666
dc.languageind
dc.publisherPusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Perkebunanen-US
dc.relationhttp://ejurnal.litbang.pertanian.go.id/index.php/bultri/article/view/12667/9659
dc.rightsCopyright (c) 2021 Jurnal Tanaman Industri dan Penyegaren-US
dc.rightshttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0en-US
dc.sourceJurnal Tanaman Industri dan Penyegar; Vol 8, No 1 (2021): Jurnal Tanaman Industri dan Penyegar; 49-58en-US
dc.sourceJurnal Tanaman Industri dan Penyegar; Vol 8, No 1 (2021): Jurnal Tanaman Industri dan Penyegar; 49-58id-ID
dc.source2528-7222
dc.source2356-1297
dc.subjectColony; morphology; mycelium; sporangia; zoosporesen-US
dc.subjecten-US
dc.subjectKoloni; morfologi; miselium; sporangia; zoosporaid-ID
dc.subjectid-ID
dc.titlePathogen of Cocoa Pod Rot Disease: Characters and Patogenicity of Phytophthora palmivora Isolates Originated From Pakuwon, Sukabumien-US
dc.titlePatogen Penyakit Busuk Buah Kakao: Karakter dan Patogenisitas Phytophthora palmivora Isolat Asal Pakuwon, Sukabumiid-ID
dc.typeinfo:eu-repo/semantics/article
dc.typeinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion
dc.typeen-US
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