Untitled
No Thumbnail Available
Date
Authors
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
Balai Besar Penelitian dan Pengembangan Sumberdaya Lahan Pertanian
Abstract
Description
Abstrak. Biodiversitas tanah dipengaruhi oleh ekosistem lahan pertanian dan biodiversitas menggambarkan kesuburan tanah. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mempelajari pengaruh ekosistem lada (Piper nigrum) dan ubi kayu (Manihot esculenta) terhadap keragaman fauna tanah, mikroba tanah fungsional dan sifat kimia tanah. Pengambilan contoh tanah dilaksanakan di Kabupaten Lampung Timur pada akhir musim kemarau pada bulan Agustus 2013. Hasil identifikasi pada ekosistem lada dan ubi kayu menunjukkan bahwa terdapat 11 taksa biota tanah yang terdiri dari kelompok mesofauna (Acari dan Collembola) dan kelompok makrofauna ( Aranea, Chilopoda, Coleoptera, Diplura, Diplopoda, Hymenoptera, Isopoda, Isoptera dan Pseudoscorpion). Total kelimpahan fauna tanah yang ditemukan sebanyak 17529 individu terdiri dari 7210 individu pada ekosistem lada dan 10319 individu pada ekosistem ubi kayu. Populasi azotobacter, mikroba selulotik dan total bakteri pada ekosistem lada berbeda secara signifikan dengan ekosistem ubi kayu, sedangkan populasi bakteri pelarut fosfat dan total fungi tidak berbeda nyata. Sifat kimia tanah tidak berbeda signifikan antara kedua ekosistem ini. Berdasarkan analisis diskriman diketahui bahwa KTK, ldd, C-organik, pasir, liat dan total bakteri memiliki nilai fungsi sebagai faktor pembeda dan sifat-sifat ini dapat dimanfaatkan sebagai basis untuk pengelolaan tanah pada ekosistem lada dan ubi kayu.Abstract. Soil biodiversity is influenced by agricultural ecosystems and the biodiversity is an indicator of soil fertility. The objective of this research were to evaluate the effects of pepper (Piper nigrum) and cassava (Manihot esculenta) ecosystems on soil fauna biodiversity, population of functional microbes, and soil chemical properties. Soil samples were taken from East Lampung District in the end of dry season (August) 2013. The identification revealed 11 taxa of soil biota, i.e. group of mesofauna (Acari and Collembola) and group of macrofauna (Araneae, Chilopoda, Coleoptera, Diplura, Diplopoda, Hymenoptera, Isopoda, Isoptera, and Pseudoscorpion). The total abundance of soil fauna was 17529 individuals; 7210 in pepper and 10319 in cassava, but there was no significant difference in mean soil fauna abundance between the two ecosystems. Azotobacter, cellulotic and total bacteria showed significant differences in the abundance between pepper and cassava ecosystems, but the significant difference was not detected for phosphate solubilizing bacteria and total fungi. The soil chemical characteristics were not different between the two ecosystems. Based on the discriminant analysis, the variables that differentiated the two ecosystems were cation exchange capacity, exchangeable Al, organic carbon content, sand content, clay content, and total bacteria. These variables can be used as the basis for managing the pepper and casava ecosystems.
Keywords
, , , Agriculture; Soil Science;, Biodiversity; Soil chemical properties; Cassava ecosystem; Pepper ecosystem; Biodiversitas; Sifat kimia tanah; Ekosistem ubi ayu; Ekosistem lada, Soil Chemistry; Bio Diversity