Kajian Inovasi Teknologi Varietas Unggul Baru (VUB) Padi Sawah Inbrida di Kabupaten Subang
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Date
2017-12-01
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Balai Besar Penelitian Tanaman Padi
Abstract
Abstrak
Berbagai upaya terus dilakukan untuk meningkatkan produksi padi terutama dalam rangka mencapai swasembada pangan baik melalui peningkatan luas tanam maupun produktivitas. Peran inovasi teknologi yang diantaranya yaitu varietas unggul baru (VUB) sangatlah besar terutama untuk meningkatkan produktivitas padi. Sampai saat ini, varietas lama masih masih dominan digunakan petani. Padahal, daya adaptasinya sudah menurun terutama terhadap pengaruh lingkungan ekstrim yang sering terjadi pada saat ini dan berpengaruh terhadap tingkat produktivitas. Saat ini tersedia berbagai varietas unggul baru yang telah dihasilkan oleh para pemulia dari Badan Litbang Pertanian dan memiliki potensi hasil tinggi yang dapat dipilih sesuai dengan kondisi wilayah dan keinginan pasar (spesifik lokasi). Tujuan pengkajian adalah untuk mengetahui pertumbuhan dan hasil beberapa varietas unggul baru padi sawah di Kabupaten Subang. Pengkajian
dilaksanakan di 5 kecamatan Kabupaten Subang yaitu Kecamatan Tanjungsiang (Desa Tanjungsiang), Kecamatan Sagalaherang (Desa Leles), Kecamatan Serangpanjang (Desa Cintamekar), Kecamatan Cibogo (Desa Cibogo), dan Kecamatan Pagaden Barat (Desa Margahayu) bulan Maret - Agustus 2014 (MK I). Pengkajian menggunakan Rancangan Acak Kelompok (RAK) dengan empat perlakuan varietas dan lima ulangan. Varietas yang diuji adalah varietas Inpari 10, Inpari 14, Inpari 16, dan Sarinah. Parameter yang diamati adalah tinggi tanaman, jumlah anakan, umur berbunga 50%, umur panen, jumlah gabah isi, jumlah gabah hampa, bobot 1000 butir, dan hasil gabah kering panen. Data pengamatan dianalisis dengan sidik ragam dan dilanjutkan dengan uji DMRT 5%. Hasil kajian menunjukkan bahwa varietas Inpari 14 menghasilkan produktivitas tertinggi yaitu 7,02 ton GKP/ha walaupun tidak berbeda nyata dengan varietas lainnya.
Abstract
Study of Technological Innovation of High Yielding Variety (VUB) of Inbrida Rice in Subang District. There are continuous efforts to increase rice production, especially in order to achieve food self-sufficiency either through an increase in acreage and productivity. The role of technological innovations among which high yielding variety (VUB) are enormous especially to increase productivity. Until now, the old varieties are still predominantly used by farmers. Whereas adaptability has fallen mainly to the effects of extreme environments that often occurs at this time and affect the level of productivity. Available in this time various high yielding variety of rice which have been created by Indonesian Agency for Agriculture Research and Development and have high yield potencial which able to be selected as according to condition of region and desire of market, however widely not recognized yet widely and adopted by farmers. Besides, those varieties are more general and not have specific location recommendation. The aim of this research was to know performance and productivity some high yielding variety of rice in the irrigated lowland in Bandung District. The research was conducted at four sub district that is Tanjungsiang Sub District, Sagalaherang Sub District, Serangpanjang Sub District, Cibogo Sub District, and Pagaden Barat Sub District in Maret - Agustus 2014 (MK I). Research was designed by using Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with four treatments of varieties and five replications. The testing varieties were Inpari 10, Inpari 14, Inpari 16, and Sarinah. The variable’s observed was plant height, the number of productive tillers, the number of grain, the number of filled grain, weight of 1000 grains, and grain yield. The data was analyzed using analysis of variance and followed by Duncan Multiple Range Test (DMRT) at level 5%. The result showed that Inpari 28 was highest yield with 7,02 ton GKP/ha although not significant different with other varieties.
Description
8 p..; tab.