Existing Diversity Profile for Kernel Characteristics of Maize Germplasm in IAARD-ICABIOGRAD Gene Bank
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Date
2022-01-19
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Balai Besar Penelitian dan Pengembangan Bioteknologi dan Sumber Daya Genetik Pertanian
Abstract
Abstract. Maize (Zea mays L.), a model genetic organism with immense genetic diversity, is one of the major commodities in Indonesia. The genetic diversity of this crop is an important resource for their genetic improvement through breeding activities, thus properly conserving and managing the germplasm is necessary. This valuable maize ex
situ germplasm is being prioritized to be conserved in the Indonesian Agency for Agricultural Research and Development-Indonesian Center for Agricultural and Biotechnology and Genetic Resources Research and Development Gene Bank (IAARD-ICABIOGRAD Gene Bank) for decades. However, the diversity information of the whole
germplasm has been not reported due to the large collection which is challenged for the management. The research aimed at investigating the genetic diversity from whole maize germplasm conserved in IAARD-ICABIOGRAD Gene Bank, specifically on kernel characteristics as a major trait contributes to maize diversity. A total of 1,279 accessions were characterized for their kernel characteristics using a modified maize descriptor and followed by a series of diversity analyses. The results showed a moderate-high genetic diversity existed among the accessions. Two out of nine kernel morphological characters revealed the major contribution to genetic diversity among the accessions. These characters successfully differentiated all accessions into ten clusters, of which specific traits were observed as cluster identity. This preliminary investigation of kernel diversity within maize germplasm may become valuable information for gene bank managers to determine the appropriate decision for germplasm management and inform users about the existing diversity profile of the germplasm.
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Keywords
Maize, Characteristics, Gene Bank