Keragaan Hasil Padi Hibrida Turunan Galur Mandul Jantan Baru Hasil Seleksi BB Padi
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Date
2010-11-18
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
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Publisher
Balai Besar Penelitian Tanaman Padi
Abstract
Abstract
Yield Performance of Some Hybrid Rice Combinations Derived from New Male Sterile Lines Selected in ICRR. A large number of hybrid rice combinations derived from new male sterile and restorer lines developed in Indonesia were evaluated for their yield performance compared to inbred and hybrid check varieties in observational yield trials. The trials were conducted in cropping season (CS)-1 of 2007 in Muara, CS-1 of 2008 in Muara, and CS-1 of 2008 in Sukamandi. In each location, the trial was conducted using Augmented Design with five blocks. Results indicated that during CS-1 of 2007 in Muara, three hybrids, GMJ4/PK16, GMJ5/PK43, and GMJ4/CRS326, yielded 14.3%, 7.1%, and 7.1%, respectively, over Rokan and it was 33.3%, 25.0%, and 25.5%, respectively, equally over Maro and Fatmawati, but only one hybrid, i.e. GMJ4/PK16 yielded 6.7% higher than Ciherang. This hybrid was at 85 days old when it performed 50% flowering time, produced more than 80% filled-grain, and moderately resistant to bacterial leaf blight. During CS-1 of 2008 in Muara, a total of 57 hybrids were selected and performed a positive standard heterosis of 12.1-63.3% as compared to Ciherang, Maro, Rokan, Hipa 3, Hipa 4, and Hipa 5. Two hybrids, GMJ5/BH21D and GMJ5/BH24B, were identified as those performing the highest heterosis. While during the CS-1 of 2008 in Sukamandi, a total of 52 hybrid combinations were selected, having the heterosis values of 2.4-76.5% as compared to Ciherang. Mekongga, IR64, Maro, and Rokan. The highest heterosis of 76.5% was demonstrated by GMJ7/BH77E-MR-1-1-1-1, while GMJ5/BH33D hybrid consistently demonstrated high yield potential and high heterosis in two locations simultaneously. During these trials in two different locations and different seasons, a total of male sterile and restorer lines suitable for developing hybrid combinations. having heterosis of more than 25%, were identified. Four restorer lines, namely BH21D, BH32D, BH33D, and BH53D seemed to provide as the good general combiner.
Abstrak
Sejumlah kombinasi pad nasi padi hibrida turunan galur mandul jantan dan restorer baru yang diral dirakit di Indonesia telah diuji daya hasilnya dibandingkan dengan varietas pembanding inbrida dan hibrida pada uji observasi daya hasil. Percobaan dilaksanakan di tiga kombinasi lokasi dan musim, yaitu Muara pada musim tanam (MT)-1 2007, Muara MT-1 2008, dan Sukamandi MT-1 2008. Pada masing-masing lokasi dan musim, percobaan dilaksanakan dengan menggunakan rancangan Augmented terdiri atas lima blok. Hasil percobaan menunjukkan bahwa di Muara pada MT-1 2007, tiga hibrida, yaitu GMJ4/PK16, GMJ5/PK43, dan GMJ4/CRS326, memberikan hasil gabah berturut-turut sebesar 14,3%, 7,1%, dan 7,1% lebih tinggi daripada Rokan atau 33,3%, 25,0%, dan 25,5%, lebih tinggi daripada Maro atau Fatmawati, namun hanya ada satu hibrida yaitu GMJ4/PK16 yang menghasilkan gabah lebih tinggi daripada Ciherang dengan kelebihan hasil sebesar 6,7%. Hibrida tersebut mempunyai umur 50% berbunga 85 hari, pengisian gabah >80%, dan agak tahan terhadap penyakit hawar daun bakteri. Di Muara pada MT-1 2008, telah terpilih 57 hibrida. Hibrida-hbrida terpilih tersebut memberikan heterosis positif (untuk hasil t/ha) berkisar antara 12,1-63,3% terhadap Ciherang, Maro, Rokan, Hipa 3, Hipa 4, dan Hipa 5. Dua dari 57 hibrida terpilih, yaitu GMJ5/BH21D dan GMJ5/BH24B memberikan nilai heterosis paling tinggi. Di Sukamandi pada MT-1 2008 telah terpilih 52 hibrida yang memberikan heterosis antara 2,4-76,5% terhadap Ciherang, Mekongga, IR64, Maro, dan Rokan. Nilai heterosis tertinggi sebesar 76,5% dicapai oleh hibrida GMJ7/BH77E-MR-1-1-1-1, sedangkan hibrida GMJ5/BH33D menunjukkan potensi hasil dan heterosis yang tinggi secara konsisten di dua lokasi pengujian. Pada pengujian ini telah diidentifikasi beberapa galur mandul jantan dan restorer yang mampu menurunkan kombinasi hibrida dengan heterosis >25%. Empat galur restorer, yaitu BH21D, BH32D, BH33D, dan BH53D adalah galur-galur restorer yang mempunyai daya gabung umum yang baik.
Description
13 p.; tab.