Hubungan antara Tingkat Konsentrasi Inokulum Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense VCG 01213/16 dengan Perkembangan Penyakit Layu pada Kultivar Pisang Rentan
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2013-08-02
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Indonesian Center for Horticulture Research and Development
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ABSTRAK. Peran konsentrasi inokulum awal patogen Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. cubense (Foc) terhadap insidensi penyakit layu pada pisang perlu diteliti, mengingat patogen ini persisten di dalam tanah. Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan antara konsentrasi inokulum Foc VCG 01213/16 dengan laju perkembangan penyakit layu pada pisang. Bahan yang digunakan ialah kultivar pisang rentan (Kilita). Penelitian dilaksanakan di Balai Penelitian Tanaman Buah Tropika pada bulan Mei sampai dengan September 2009. Penelitian menggunakan rancangan acak kelompok, perlakuan terdiri atas lima taraf konsentrasi inokulum Foc yaitu 0; 102; 104; 106; dan 108 sel konidia/ml dengan lima ulangan, masing-masing plot berisi lima tanaman. Analisis regresi dan korelasi digunakan untuk mengetahui hubungan antara konsentrasi inokulum dengan perkembangan penyakit. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa semua taraf konsentrasi inokulum Foc VCG 01213/16 dapat menyebabkan 100% tanaman terserang. Perbedaan konsentrasi berpengaruh nyata terhadap masa inkubasi, intensitas, dan perkembangan penyakit pada pisang Kilita. Makin tinggi konsentrasi inokulum, maka makin cepat masa inkubasi penyakit serta makin tinggi intensitas dan perkembangan penyakit. Terdapat korelasi positif antara konsentrasi inokulum dengan intensitas penyakit pada daun dan bonggol pisang dan korelasi negatif antara masa inkubasi dengan intensitas penyakit pada daun dan bonggol pisang. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian ini dapat direkomendasikan bahwa pengendalian Foc harus diarahkan pada upaya penurunan konsentrasi inokulum awal di dalam tanah sampai pada tingkat serendah mungkin.ABSTRACT. Riska, Jumjunidang, and Hermanto, C 2012. Relation between Concentration Level of Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense VCG 01213/16 and the Disease Development on Susceptible Banana. Initial inoculum of pathogen is the most important factor to be observed, due to persistent of F. oxysporum f.sp.cubense (Foc) in the soil. The research was aimed to ascertain the relation between concentration levels of Foc VCG 01213/16 and the disease development on susceptible banana. This research was conducted at the Indonesian Tropical Fruits Research Institute from May to September 2009. Kilita as banana variety wich susceptible to Foc was used in the study as plant material. The experiment was arranged in a randomized complete block design with five concentrations of inoculum i.e. 0; 102; 104; 106; and 108 conidia/ml and five replications. Regression analysis was performed to determine the relation between concentration levels of Foc VCG 01213/16 and the disease development on susceptible banana. The results showed that there was no significant difference observed among the concentration levels of Foc inoculums on the percentage of wilted plants. All the concentrations caused 100% of Kilita bananas to be wilt. The inoculum concentrations of Foc VCG 01213/16 significantly affected incubation period, the disease intensity on leaves and corm and disease development on Kilita. The higher concentration of Foc inoculums, the shorter disease development and incubation period occurred, the higher levels of disease intensity observed. There was a positive correlation between the inocolum concentration and the disease intensity and a negative correlation between the incubation period and the disease intensity on banana leaves and corms of the banana. The result of study, it could be recommended that decreasing initial inoculums of Foc in the soil is important to be done to control the disease severity in the field.