Karakterisasi Pertumbuhan Tanaman Padi Terkait Umur dan Daya Hasil

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dc.contributor.authorUntung Susanto, Endang Purnawati, Rina Hapsari Wening, Lilis Murdiani
dc.date.accessioned2025-06-22T13:46:38Z
dc.date.available2025-06-22T13:46:38Z
dc.date.issued2010-11-18
dc.description16 p.; tab.
dc.description.abstractABSTRACT Characterization of Rice Plant Growth and Its Correlation with Growth Duration and Yield. This experiment was aimed to identify the correlation among plant growth traits, growth duration, and yield. The experiment was conducted during Dry Season 2009 at Sukamandi Experimental Farm. A total of 34 rice genotypes consisted of 24 local accessions and 10 improved varieties were evaluated in this non-replicated trial. Twenty one day-old rice seedlings were transplanted into plot of 1.5 m x 5 m in size with 25 cm x 25 cm plant spacing. Results of this experiment indicated that the character of milled grain yield were significantly correlated to heading date (r=0,57), maturity (r=0,57), tiller number at one month (r=-0,41), tiller number at two months (r=-0,460), and tiller number at one month after transplanting (r=-0.42). Path analysis revealed that the seven traits having the highest direct effect on yield were rate of plant elongation during 2-3 month-old plants (-83,74), plant height of 1 month-old plants (71,70), the rate of seedling elongation (-63), acceleration of plant height of 2-3 month-old plants as compared to those of 1-2 month-old plants (61,02), acceleration of plant height of 1-2 month-old plants as compared to those of seedling age period (-52,63), heading date (45,84), and maturity (45,69). It was indicated that heading time, maturity, plant height, and tiller development were ontogeny and physiological characters affect on yield. Heading time was consistently correlated and directly affect the yield, while harvest time performed a positive correlation, but its direct effect to yield was negative. This phenomena indicating that the change in heading time is expected to strongly affect yield character. Further physiological and genetic research is needed to examine the possibility of shortening heading date without any significant yield losses. ABSTRAK Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi hubungan antara karakter pertumbuhan tanaman dengan umur dan daya hasil tanaman. Penelitian dilakukan di KP Sukamandi pada MK 2009. Sejumlah 34 genotipe padi, terdiri atas 24 padi lokal dan 10 varietas unggul, dievaluasi dalam percobaan tanpa ulangan ini. Bibit padi berumur 21 hari dipindah ke dalam plot berukuran 1,5 m x 5 m dengan jarak 25 cm x 25 cm. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa karakter hasil gabah kering giling berkorelasi nyata dengan umur berbunga (r = 0,57), umur masak fisiologis (r = 0,57), jumlah anakan tanaman umur 1 bulan (r=-0,41), jumlah anakan tanaman umur 2 bulan (r = -0,46), dan jumlah anakan tanaman umur 1 bulan (r = -0,42). Analisis sidik lintas menunjukkan bahwa tujuh karakter yang memiliki pengaruh langsung terbesar terhadap hasil adalah kecepatan pertambahan tinggi tanaman umur 2-3 bulan (-83,74), tinggi tanaman umur 1 bulan (71,70), kecepatan pertambahan tinggi bibit (-63), percepatan pertambahan tinggi tanaman umur 2-3 bulan dibanding umur 1-2 bulan (61,02) dan umur 1-2 bulan dibanding periode bibit (-52,63), disusul umur berbunga (45,84), dan umur panen (-45,69). Hal tersebut menunjukkan bahwa umur berbunga dan umur panen, serta faktor pertumbuhan tinggi tanaman dan jumlah anakan adalah karakter pertumbuhan tanaman yang berpengaruh terhadap hasil. Umur berbunga konsisten memiliki korelasi dan pengaruh langsung positif, tetapi umur panen memiliki korelasi positif dan pengaruh langsung negatif. Hal tersebut menunjukkan bahwa perubahan umur berbunga berpengaruh kuat terhadap hasil. Perlu penelitian fisiologi dan genetik lebih lanjut untuk mengevaluasi kemungkinan pengubahan umur berbunga dengan perubahan minimal pada karakter hasil tanaman.
dc.identifier.urihttps://repository.pertanian.go.id/handle/123456789/25109
dc.language.isoid
dc.publisherBalai Besar Penelitian Tanaman Padi
dc.titleKarakterisasi Pertumbuhan Tanaman Padi Terkait Umur dan Daya Hasil
dc.title.alternativeProsiding Seminar Nasional Hasil Penelitian Padi 2009. Buku 1
dc.typeArticle
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