Browsing by Author "Didiek Setiobudi"

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    Kepekaan Relatif Padi Inbrida dan Hibrida Terhadap Variasi Pasokan Air Selama Pase Vegetatip dan Reproduktif
    (Balai Besar Penelitian Tanaman Padi, 2010-11-18) Didiek Setiobudi; Yamin Sarnaullah; Tita Rastiati
    Abstract Relative Sensitivity of the Inbred and Hybrid Rice to the Variability of Water Supply during Vegetative and Reproductive Stages. A pot experiment to evaluate the growth and yields of rice variety as affected by water supply during the vegetative and reproductive growth stages was conducted in the screen house of the Indonesian Center for Rice Research, during the WS of 2008/2009. The trial was arranged in a 4 x 5 factorial in randomized complete block design with three replications. The first factor was three inbred genotypes, namely Dodokan, 53382, Ciherang, and the hybrid rice, Rokan. The second factor was the water supply during the vegetative and reproductive growth stages which being varied as: (a1) continuously flooded at 3 cm of depth from the day 7 aher transplanting until the day 30 (2) water supply which was ranged from the upper limit of field saturation (FS) to the lower limit of the soil moisture tension at -0.5 MPa from the day 7-25 and the day 45-65, (43) similar to the second treatment, except the duration were from the day 7-25 and the day 55-75, (a4) same with the second treatment, but at 45-75 DAT, and (45) same with the second treatment but at 55-75 DAT. Results of the experiment indicated that the water supply during vegetative and reproductive plant growth stages did not significantly affect both the plant height and the number of tillers per hill at harvest time. The hybrid rice Rokan was the highest at harvest but the number of tillers per hill was the lowest. The plant height of Dodokan variety at harvest was the highest. The plant height was steadily increased started from the day 21 until the harvest time. The number of tillers per hill reached the maximum at the day 56 and sharply decreased then after approaching the harvest time. The weight of 1,000 grain and the straw biomass of the hybrid rice, Rokan at harvest were the highest among the other rice genotypes tested. All inbred rice were relatively sensitive to water supply during grain filling period and affected the weight of 1,000 grain. The average of grain yield was significantly decreased by 14% when the water was supplied from the day 7-45 and 55-75. The grain yield of the hybrid Rokan was similar to that of the inbred line $3382. Root volume at harvest time of the hybrid rice Rokan was the greatest among that of the genotypes tested, indicating that the root mass was less sensitive to water supply than the root volume. The total water consumption ranged between 35.0-4.8 litter at the day 7-80 and the highest water productivity of 0.94 g/l was observed when the water was supplied at the day 45-75. Abstrak Percobaan pot untuk memahami pengaruh varietas dan variasi pasokan air terhadap pertumbuhan dan hasil padi varietas inbrida dan hibrida telah dilakukan di rumah kaca Balai Besar Penelitian Tanaman Padi pada MH 2008/2009. Percobaan ditata dalam rancangan acak kelompok pola faktorial 4 x 5 dengan tiga ulangan. Faktor I adalah padi sawah inbrida Dodokan, $3382, Ciherang, dan padi hibrida Rokan. Faktor II adalah variasi pasokan air selama fase vegetatif dan reproduktif terdiri atas: (al) digenang air 3 cm pada 7-80 HST, (a2) pemberian air batas jenuh sampai 7-25 HST dan 45-65 HST. pai -0,5 MPa, pada HST. (a3) sama dengan perlakuan kedua (a2), namun pemberian airnya pada 7-25 HST dan 55-75 HST, (a4) sama dengan perlakuan kedua, namun pemberian air pada 45-75 DAT, dan (a5) sama dengan perlakuan kedua, namun pemberian air pada 55-75 DAT. Hasil percobaan menunjukkan bahwa variasi pasokan air pada fase vegetatif dan reproduktif tidak berpengaruh nyata terhadap rata-rata tinggi tanaman dan jumlah anakan/rumpun pada saat panen. Padi hibrida varietas Rokan mempunyai rata-rata tinggi tanaman paling tinggi. Padi varietas Dodokan mempunyai anakan/rumpun paling banyak, sedangkan padi hibrida varietas Rokan menghasilkan anakan paling sedikit. Pola perubahan rata-rata tinggi tanaman menurut perlakuan varietas menunjukkan tren terus meningkat dari saat 21 HS rata-rata jumlah anakan/rumpun mencapai maksimum pada saat HST sampai panen, en, sedangkan 56 HST, kemudian menurun tajam pada saat panen. Padi hibrida mempunyai jumlah gabah per malai paling tinggi, tetapi memiliki panjang malai tidak berbeda nyata dengan panjang malai padi inbrida. Saat fase vegetatif dan reproduktif, interaksi antara pasokan air dan varietas nyata berpengaruh terhadap bobot 1.000 butir dan biomas jerami. Rata-rata bobot 1.000 butir dan biomas jerami varietas Rokan pada saat panen paling tinggi. Varietas inbrida peka terhadap pasokan air selama proses pengisian gabah. Rata-rata hasil gabah berkurang sekitar 14% bila pasokan air pada 7-45 HST dan 55-75 HST. Rata-rata hasil gabah galur S3382 tidak berbeda nyata dengan varietas Rokan. Berkurangnya hasil gabah akibat pasokan air, disebabkan oleh menurunnya bobot 1.000 butir. Volume akar lebih peka terhadap pasokan air, tetapi massa akar tidak. Saat panen rata-rata volume akar varietas Rokan lebih tinggi dibanding volume akar varietas padi inbrida. Konsumsi air berkisar antara 35,0 1 dan 45,8 1 dan produktivitas air paling tinggi, yaitu 0,94 g/l, pada pasokan air 45-75 HST.