Browsing by Author "Budianto, Emma"

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    Siam Saba dan Siam Mutiara, Varietas Unggul Lokal Padi Pasang Surut Kalimantan Selatan
    (Balai Besar Penelitian Tanaman Padi, 2009-07-24) Jumberi, Achmadi; Budianto, Emma; Khairullah, Izhar
    Abstrak Di Jahan rawa pasang surut Kalimantan Selatan, lebih dari 70% pertanaman padi ditanami dengan berbagai varietas lokal. Di antara varietas lokal yang populer dan banyak ditanam petani adalah varietas Siam Saba dan Siam Mutiara. Kedua varietas ini memiliki keunggulan masing-masing, baik dari sebaran adaptasi pertanarnan maupun dari keunggulan potensi hasilnya. Varietas Siam Saba menyebar luas di daerah sawah pasang surut jenis tanah sulfat masam dan tanah yang mengalami intrusi air laut pada musim kemarau (dekat pantai) dengan tipe luapan AIB di Kabupaten Banjar. Sedangkan Siam Mutiara menyebar luas di sawah pasang surut sulfat masam dengan tipe luapan B/C di Kabupaten Barito Kuala. Dibandingkan dengan varietas lokal lainnya, Siam Saba unggul dalam potensi hasil tinggi (4,70 t/ha GKG), jum]ah anakan banyak, bentuk gabah kecil dan ramping, warna beras putih, dan Radar karbohidrat 81 Sedangkan Siam Mutiara memiliki keunggulan hasil tinggi (4,80 t/ha GKG), wama gabah kuning bersih, war-na beras jemih bening dan mengkilap seperti mutiara, dan kadar karbohidrat 48,88%. Varietas Siam Mutiara cocok untuk penderita diabites karena kadar karbohidratnya yang rendah Kedua varietas menunjukkan pertumbuhan seragam, waktu berbunga merata, dan matang serempak, malai matang hampir tanpa butir- butir hijau, dan persentase gabah isi tinggi. Nilai ekonomi kedua varietas ini lebih tinggi daripada varietas lokal lainnya, dengan rasa nasi yang disukai Oleh masyarakat di Kalimantan Selatan Kedua varietas ini telah terdaftar di Kantor Pusat perlindungan Varietas Tanaman dan telah diseminarkan pada sidang pelepasan varietas tanaman pangan yang dilaksanakan Oleh Badan Benih Nasional. Abstract Siam Saba and Siam Mutiara: The two Local Superior Rice Varieties at the Tidal Swampland of South Kalimantan. At the tidal swampland ecosystem in South Kalimantan, approximately more than 70% of the areas were planted by the local varieties of rice. Among those local varieties there were two popular and dominant, namely Siam Saba and Siam Mutiara. Both local varieties possess its own specificity, especially in its adaptability and its yield potential. Siam Saba spread widely in the tidal swampland consisting of an acid sulphate soil and the soil close to the coastal area prove to intrusion saline during the dry season type in Banjar District. While Siam Mutiara was widely spread in tidal swampland of acid sulphate soil type B/C in Barito Kuala District. Several characteristics of superiorities of Siam Saba were high yield potential of about 4,70 t/ha, more tiller, slender grain shape, white hulled grain, and carbohydrate content of about 81.69%. The superiority characters of Siam Mutiara were high yield potential of about 4.80 t/ha, shiny grain color, white hulled rice and translucent as pearl, and carbohydrate content of about 48.88%. Siam Mutiara is suitable for diabetes sufferer due to its low carbohydrate content. Both varieties performed uniform in their growth, flowering, and maturing, and having high percentage of filled grain. The economic value both local varieties were higher than than that of other local varieties. The taste of the cooked rice was preferred by the community of South Kalimantan. Siam Saba and Siam Mutiara have been registered at The Center of Plant Variety protection and was presented at the food crop release meeting conducted by The National Seed Agency.