Browsing by Author "Asadi ...[at al]"

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    Agronomic performance of soybean mutant lines based on preliminary and advance yield at dryland area
    (IAARD Press, 2020) Asadi ...[at al]; Balai Besar Penelitian dan Pengembangan Bioteknologi dan Sumberdaya Genetik Pertanian
    Since 2013, researchers at ICABIOGRAD have established a development program for soybean varieties with bigger seeds, medium maturity and high productivity through crosspollination combined with mutation by γ irradiation. In 2016, about 36 homozygous M6 lines with high productivity and excellent agronomic characteristics were selected for subsequent preliminary and advanced yield test. The research aimed to study the agronomic performance of mutant lines (M6 and M7) and to select the best lines that will be used for adaptation testing at different locations and environments. The study was conducted at the Village of Gunung Menyan, Pamijahan Sub-district, Bogor during the first and second planting season of 2017. The experiment was arranged in a randomized block design with three replications. During the first planting season of 2017, a preliminary yield testing was conducted on 36 M6 lines along with 4 check varieties. For the second season, 20 lines were selected along with 4 check varieties to be tested for advanced yield testing at the same location and method. Advanced yield trial showed that nine mutant soybean lines produced higher yields with excellent agronomic performance, which were 15−26% higher than Panderman's check varieties and 27−31% higher than the Anjasmoro check variety. The nine selected soybean line were SSDC- M7-342-10, SSD-C-M7-350-18, SSD-D-M7-372-14, SSD-E-M7-387-1, Bulk-C-M7-458, Bulk-C-M7-493-1, Bulk-C-M7-493-20, Bulk-C-M7-499 and SSD-E-M7-404-18. These selected lines will be further assayed for adaptation at different locations and environments in the following year.
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    Pemuliaan Kedelai untuk Toleran Naungan dan Tumpangsari
    (Balai Penelitian Bioteknologi Tanaman Pangan, 1997) Asadi ...[at al]; Balai Besar Penelitian dan Pengembangan Bioteknologi dan Sumberdaya Genetik Pertanian
    Soybean Breeding for Shading Tolerance and Intercropping. Asadi, DM. Arsyad, H. Zahara, and Darmijati. Soybean growth under intercrop is usually supressed due to competetion with the taller crops for light, nutrients and water. Therefore under intercrop with the taller crops such as corn, cassava, soybean yield is usually lower compared to monoculture crops. At 33% shading intensity or intercropping with com, yield reduction of soybean could be 30-50%. High yield variability of soybean genotype under shading and intercropping, give high opportunity to conduct breeding program for developing improved varieties with tolerance to shading and intercropping. Research Institute for Food Crop Biotechnology (formerly Bogor Research Institute for Food Crops) has developed soybean varieties that tolerance to shading and suitable to intercrop with corn. Based on evaluation of soybean germplasm, B8306-4-4 genotype was indentified as a gene resource for shading tolerance and intercropping with corn. Yield evaluation of B8306-4-4 genotype along with some other genotypes at different locations and seasons under monoculture and intercropping with corn, indicated that B83O6-4-4 genotype was most promising. This genotype was released as recomended variety, named Pangrango.
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    Pra-pemuliaan Aneka Kacang dalam Mendukung Proses Pemuliaan untuk Perakitan Varietas Unggul Baru
    (BB Biogen, 2016-06) Asadi ...[at al]; Balai Besar Penelitian dan Pengembangan Bioteknologi dan Sumberdaya Genetik Pertanian
    Aneka kacang merupakan komoditas tanaman pangan yang menempati posisi strategis ditinjau dari aspek ekonomi, pangan, dan gizi di dunia, termasuk Indonesia. Namun, kondisi cekaman biotik dan abiotik menuntut perakitan varietas unggul dengan memanfaatkan secara optimal plasma nutfah atau sumber daya genetik (SDG) aneka kacang melalui pemuliaan. Dalam ulasan ini disampaikan tentang bagaimana memanfaatkan koleksi SDG aneka kacang secara optimal dan pemuliaannya dalam rangka perbaikan varietas. Pra-pemuliaan berperan dalam menjembatani koleksi SDG sebagai sumber gen dengan aktivitas pemuliaan termasuk aspek genomiknya. Untuk lebih mengoptimalkan pemanfaatan SDG, perlu dibuat koleksi inti (core collection), yaitu dengan cara mengarakterisasi dan mengevaluasi ketahanan/toleransinya terhadap sifat-sifat penting. Untuk menghadapi tantangan perubahan iklim, pra-pemuliaan dititikberatkan untuk mencari sumber gen yang tahan/toleran terhadap cekaman abiotik dan biotik. Berbagai aksesi aneka kacang yang dikoleksi dalam bank gen telah dilaporkan toleran terhadap cekaman abiotik (kekeringan, kerendaman, keracunan aluminium, dan salinitas tinggi) dan tahan terhadap cekaman biotik. SDG dengan karakter penting yang sudah teridentifikasi akan lebih mudah diakses dan diberdayakan sebagai sumber gen dalam perakitan varietas baru, sehingga akan memperkaya karakter penting pada varietas unggul yang dilepas. Kemajuan genomika pada aneka kacang berkembang pesat tidak hanya di kedelai namun juga di kacang hijau, kacang merah, kacang gude, kacang, tanah, chickpea/ kacang arab (Cicer arietinum), kacang buncis, dan lainnya. Marka berbasis genom dan platform genotyping SNP dengan high throughput menjadikan teknologi ini menjadi harapan dalam membantu program pemuliaan aneka kacang. Hasil kegiatan pra-pemuliaan aneka kacang di Indonesia menunjukkan kemajuan berarti yang bermanfaat mendukung program pemuliaannya. Karena itu, pra-pemuliaan merupakan kegiatan penting untuk menyambungkan pengelolaan SDG aneka kacang dengan program pemuliaannya.