Browsing by Author "Ambarwati ...[at al], Alberta Dinar"

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    Environmental Safety Assessment of Genetically Engineered Potato Resistant to Late Blight Caused by Phytophthora infestans
    (Balai Besar Penelitian dan Pengembangan Bioteknologi dan Sumber Daya Genetik Pertanian, 2022-01-19) Ambarwati ...[at al], Alberta Dinar; Balai Besar Penelitian dan Pengembangan Bioteknologi dan Sumber Daya Genetik Pertanian
    Abstract. Development of potato resistant to late blight caused by Phytophthora infestans was carried out by inserting RB genes from wild species potato, Solanum bulbocastanum. The genetically engineered (GE) potato Katahdin SP951 and the hybrid of Atlantic or Granola with Katahdin SP951 have been assessed by the Biosafety Technical Team (BTT) for environmental safety information that included genetic stability, impact on nontarget organisms (other pests and diseases, beneficial soil microorganisms), substantial equivalent on phenotypic characters, and gene flow. The presence of RB gene in four different clonal generations showed stable integration of the gene into the plant genome. Experiment on the effect of the GE potato on pests and other diseases in four confined field trial (CFT) locations showed that the GE potato did not affect to Alternaria solani and Liriomyza as well as other pests found at CFT including potato tuber moth (PTM), aphids, and mites. Research on the effect of GE potato on beneficial soil microorganisms (nitrogen fixing bacteria, phosphate solubilizing bacteria, and soil fungus) showed that GE potato did not affect the microbial population. The GE potato also had no effect on C/N value when compared to non-GE potato. Agronomic equivalence of the GE potato to conventional comparison (non-GE potato) at biosafety containment and CFT showed that the GE Katahdin SP951 is equivalent to non-GE Katahdin and has no potential as a weed. In addition, agronomic equivalence from other studies gave similar results. Information related to the potential for gene transfer was obtained from the data at CFT Lembang and literature studies, and it can be concluded that there was no potential of gene transfer from GE potato at a distance over 10 m. Based on these results, the GE potato was declared environmentally safe by the BTT. The GE potato Katahdin SP951 has obtained environmental safety certificate from the Indonesian Minister of Environment and Forestry.
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    Transformasi, Studi Molekuler, dan Bioasai Tanaman Ubi Jalar untuk Ketahanan terhadap Hama atau Penyakit
    (Balai Penelitian Bioteknologi TanamanPangan, 2001) Ambarwati ...[at al], Alberta Dinar; Balai Besar Penelitian Bioteknologi dan Sumberdaya Genetik Pertanian
    Perakitan tanaman ubi jalar transgenik tahan hama boleng atau penyakit virus dilakukan dengan menyisipkan gen proteinase inhibitor (pinII) atau gen coat protein (CP) dari Sweet Potato Feathery Mottle Virus (SPFMV) ke dalam genom tanaman. Penguasaan teknik transformasi, molekuler, dan bioasai akan sangat mendukung keberhasilan dalam perakitan tanaman transgenik. Pada tahun 2000 dilakukan penelitian transformasi dengan gen pinII dan gen CP-SPFMV melalui penembakan partikel maupun Agrobacterium tumefaciens, serta mem-pelajari teknik dasar molekuler dan bioasai. Eksplan daun dan petiol ubi jalar varietas Jewel digunakan sebagai jaringan target. Ekstraksi DNA tanaman dila-kukan dengan beberapa modifikasi CTAB dan bioasai dilakukan pada umbi ubi jalar putativ transgenik dan nontransgenik (kontrol). Transformasi melalui penembakan partikel dengan ko-transformasi pTwa (pinII, Bar) dan pRQ6 (Gus, hpt) belum menghasilkan transforman yang tahan pada seleksi higromisin 25 mg/l. Sedangkan melalui A. tumefaciens dihasilkan 18 tanaman putativ transge-nik yang ditransformasi dengan gen pinII dan enam tanaman putativ transgenik dengan gen CP-SPFMV. Hasil kuantitas konsentrasi DNA berkisar 0,7-1,8 μg/μl. Optimasi PCR diperoleh pada kondisi 95oC selama 30 detik, 50oC selama 60 detik, dan 72oC selama 45 detik. Pengujian bioasai pada 32 umbi berdasarkan jumlah lubang gerekan menunjukkan rata-rata skor kerusakan umbi 4,4-4,5 de-ngan persentase mortalitas Cylas pada tanaman putativ transgenik lebih tinggi (30,8%) dibandingkan dengan tanaman nontransgenik (15%).