MODIFICATION OF COMBINE HARVESTER FOR PADDY AND CORN
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Indonesian Center for Agricultural Engineering Research and Development (ICAERD)
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In 2016, Indonesian Center for Agricultural Engineering Research and Development (ICAERD) has developed a corn combine harvester which is a modification of rice combine harvester. However, the results were not as expected, especially regarding speed and work capacity. The purpose of this activity was to modify some components of rice harvest machines as that is required by machine of corn harvest. Modifications that need tobe done mainly on the part of the carrier (conveyor), part of threshing unit and the cleaning unit. Functional tests conducted at ICAERD, Serpong. Performance test of the combine harvester for corn in Klaten at 25,27% of moisture content, showed that working capacity was 4,98 hours/ha, working speed was 2,24 km/h, the cleaning efficiency was 99,66%, percentage seed damage was 1,20%, and percentage yield loss was 2,58%. While whenthe machine was utilized for paddy harvesting at 22,6% moisture content, with the working capacity of 4,19 hours/ha, showed that the working speed was 2,47 km/h, percentage of yield loss was 2,47% and cleaning efficiency was 98,5%. The second test in Grobogan at 24,95% of moisture content and using corn crops shoots cut method, showed that working capacity was 5,4 hours/ha, working speed was 2,22 km/h, the cleaning efficiency was 99,47%, percentage seed damage was 1,29% and percentage yield loss was 2,84%. While the test results in the district of Serang on the condition of 28,5% moisture content and the shoots of corn crops are still existing, working capacity was 5,4 hours/ha at working speed of 2,14 km/h, with this condition, obtained the cleaning efficiency of 97.70%, percentage seed damage to 1,70% and percentage yield loss to 2.92%.MODIFIKASI MESIN PANEN TIPE KOMBINASI UNTUK TANAMAN PADI DAN JAGUNGAbstrakPada Tahun 2016, BBP Mektan telah merekayasa mesin pemanen jagung tipe kombinasi (corn combine harvester) yang merupakan modifikasi dari mesin pemanen padi namun hasilnya belum sesuai dengan yang diharapkan, terutama pada kecepatan kerja dan kapasitas kerjanya. Tujuan kegiatan ini adalah memodifikasi beberapa komponen mesin panen padi tipe kombinasi sesuai dengan yang dibutuhkan oleh mesin panen jagung.Modifikasi pada bagian pembawa (conveyor), unit perontok dan unit pembersih. Pada pengujian unjuk kerja di Klaten pada kondisi kadar air jagung 25,27%, didapatkan kapasitas kerja sebesar 4,98 jam/ha pada kecepatan kerja 2,24 km/jam, dengan kondisi hasil panen tingkat kebersihan 99,66%, tingkat kerusakan biji 1,20% dan susut hasil (losses) sebesar 2,58%. Pada pengujian ini mesin panen juga dicoba kan untuk memanen padi. Pada kondisi kadar air saat panen sebesar 22,6%, dengan kecepatan kerja pemanenan rata-rata 2,47 km/jam didapatkan kapasitas kerja sebesar 4,19 jam/ha, susut hasil 2,47% dan tingkat kebersihan 98,5%. Hasil uji di grobogan, kondisi kadar air jagung 24,95% dengan kondisi tanaman jagung dipotong pucuknya adalah kapasitaskerja sebesar 5,4 jam/ha pada kecepatan kerja 2,22 Km/jam, tingkat kebersihan 99,47%, tingkat kerusakan biji 1,29% dan susut hasil (losses) sebesar 2,84%. Sedangkan hasil uji di kabupaten Serang Banten pada kondisi kadar air jagung 28,5% dengan kondisi tanaman jagung masih ada pucuknya. Didapatkan kapasitas kerja sebesar 5,4 jam/ha pada kecepatan kerja 2,14 km/jam, dengan kondisi hasil panen tingkat kebersihan 97,70%,tingkat kerusakan biji 1,70% dan susut hasil (losses) sebesar 2,92%.
Keywords
combine harvester; corn; prototype; modification; mesin panen tipe kombinasi; jagung; prototipe; modifikasi;