Peran Pupuk Limbah Cair Peternakan Sapi terhadap Pertumbuhan dan Hasil Sawi, Selada, dan Kangkung
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Indonesian Center for Horticulture Research and Development
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ABSTRAK. Tingginya harga pupuk kimia menyebabkan pengembangan pupuk alternatif sangat mendesak untuk dilakukan. Salah satu sumber pupuk alternatif yang potensial untuk dikembangkan adalah limbah cair peternakan sapi. Penelitian bertujuan untuk mempelajari pengaruh pupuk limbah cair peternakan sapi terhadap pertumbuhan dan hasil sawi, selada, dan kangkung. Pengujian skala pot dengan menggunakan Ultisols sebagai media dilaksanakan di Rumah Kaca Balai Pengkajian Teknologi Pertanian DKI Jakarta mulai bulan Maret hingga Oktober 2007. Perlakuan meliputi pemupukan menggunakan limbah cair peternakan sapi (tanpa dan diencerkan dengan air 1:1 dan 1:2), campuran Urea, TSP, dan KCl (NPK), dan tanpa pemupukan sebagai kontrol. Perlakuan diatur menggunakan rancangan acak lengkap dengan lima ulangan. Pertumbuhan dan hasil tanaman yang didasarkan pada tinggi tanaman, jumlah daun, dan berat biomasa dijadikan sebagai variabel pengamatan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pupuk limbah cair peternakan sapi nyata meningkatkan pertumbuhan dan hasil sawi, selada, dan kangkung. Apabila dibandingkan dengan perlakuan NPK, hasil sawi, selada, dan kangkung berturut-turut mencapai 95, 87, dan 61%. Hasil penelitian ini mengindikasikan bahwa pupuk limbah cair peternakan sapi dapat menggantikan pupuk kimia dalam budidaya sayuran, khususnya sawi dan selada.ABSTRACT. Sastro, Y., I.P. Lestari, and Suwandi. 2010. The Effect of Liquid Cattle Manure on the Growth and Yield of Chinese Cabbage, Lettuce, and Kangkong. Alternative fertilizer is very important to be developed because the high price of chemical fertilizers. One of the potential fertilizer to be developed is liquid cattle manure. This research was aimed to study the effect of liquid cattle manure on the growth and yield of chinese cabbage, lettuce, and kangkong. The pot scale study used Ultisols as media was conducted in Glasshouse of the Assessment Institute of Agriculture Technology, Jakarta from March until October 2007. The treatments were diluted cattle manure (1:1, 1:2, no cattle manure); combination of Urea, TSP, and KCl (NPK), and no fertilizer as control. The experiment was arranged in a complete randomized design with five replications. The parameters observed were plant high, leaf number, and biomass weight. The results showed that liquid cattle manure was significantly increase the growth and yield of chinese cabbage, lettuce, and kangkong. The application of liquid cattle manure on chinese cabbage, lettuce, and kangkong could produce 95, 87, and 61% compare with NPK fertilizer, respectively. The results indicated that liquid cattle manure could replace chemical fertilizers in the vegetable production, especially in chinese cabbage and lettuce.
Keywords
Sawi; Selada; Kangkung; Limbah cair peternakan sapi.