Keragaman Genetik Plasma Nutfah Anggrek Spathoglottis
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Date
2005-12-12
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Publisher
Indonesian Center for Horticulture Research and Development
Abstract
Description
Plasma nutfah diperlukan untuk menjaga agar suatu spesies atau kultivar tidak punah dan dapat digunakan sebagai sumber keragaman genetik dalam menciptakan atau merakit varietas unggul baru. Keragaman tanaman sangat penting dalam program pemuliaan tanaman, untuk memperbaiki kualitas genetik tanaman pada masa mendatang. Penelitian dilaksanakan di Balai Penelitian Tanaman Hias Segunung, pada bulan Juli 2004-Februari 2005. Penelitian bertujuan mengetahui heritabilitas dan keragaman genetik koleksi plasma nutfah anggrek Spathoglottis. Rancangan percobaan yang digunakan adalah acak lengkap, terdiri atas 15 genotip anggrek Spathoglottis, masing-masing spesies digunakan 5 klon sebagai ulangan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa keragaman genetik yang luas dimiliki oleh karakter panjang daun, lebar daun, pertambahan jumlah anakan, panjang bunga, lebar bunga, panjang bibir, dan lebar bibir. Karakter-karakter, seperti pertambahan jumlah anakan, panjang dan lebar daun, panjang tangkai bunga, diameter tangkai bunga, panjang dan lebar bibir, rasio panjang-lebar bibir, panjang dan lebar bunga mempunyai nilai duga heritabilitas tinggi.Genetic variability of the germplasm of Spathoglottis. Orchid need to be kept as a species or cultivar to avoid from totally extinct. They can be used as the source of genetic variability in developing new superior varieties. Variability of the crop is very importance in plant breeding program to improve plant genetic quality in the future. The research was conducted in Indonesian Ornamental Crops Research Institute (IOCRI) from July 2004–February 2005. The aim of the research was to study the genetic variability and heritability of germplasm collection of Spathoglottis orchid. Randomized completely design was used consisted of 15 orchid genotypes. Five clones from each genotype were used as replication. The result indicated that wide genetic variability was related to length and width of leaf, number of shoot increament, length and width of flower, length and width of lip. Characters, such as number of shoot increament, length and width of leaf, length and diameter of flower stalk, length and width of lip, ratio of lip length-width, length and width of flower showed high heritability value.