Peningkatan Pertumbuhan dan Mutu Alpinia purpurata melalui Pupuk P dan K
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Indonesian Center for Horticulture Research and Development
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ABSTRAK. Alpinia purpurata merupakan salah satu komoditas tanaman hias tropis yang termasuk baru dari famili Zingiberaceae. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengetahui pengaruh pupuk P dan K dalam memacu pertumbuhan vegetatif dan generatif A. purpurata. Penelitian dilaksanakan di rumah sere KP. Segunung, Balai Penelitian Tanaman Hias mulai bulan September 2004 sampai dengan Agustus 2005. Rancangan percobaan menggunakan acak kelompok pola faktorial dengan 2 faktor dan 3 ulangan. Pemupukan P (0, 36, 72) kg P2O5/ha) sebagai faktor pertama dan pemupukan K (0, 60, 120, 180) kg K2O/ha sebagai faktor kedua. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa tidak ada interaksi antara pemberian pupuk P dan K terhadap pertumbuhan tanaman A. purpurata. Namun pemberian pupuk K (60 kg K2O/ha) meningkatkan produksi bunga/plot tertinggi (27,33 tangkai) pada bulan Februari 2005 demikian pula K 120 kg K2O/ha) nyata meningkatkan diameter bunga mekar tertinggi (3,97 cm). Sedangkan pemberian K nyata meningkatkan panjang daun (25,30 cm) dan diameter bunga mekar (3,97 cm).ABSTRACT. Utami, P.K., R. Tedjasarwana, and D. Herlina. 2006. Growth and flower quality improvement of A. purpurata through fertilization application of phosphate and potassium. Alpinia purpurata is one of the new tropical ornamental plants from Zingiberaceae family. The objective of the experiment was to determine the effect phosphate and potassium fertilizer application on promoting vegetative and generative growth of Alpinia. The experiment was conducted in the screenhouse at Segunung field station (1,100 m asl) at Indonesian Ornamental Crops Research Institute, Cianjur, from September 2004 to August 2005. The plots were arranged in a factorial completely randomized design with 3 replications and 2 factors. The first factor comprised of 3 level phosphate dosage i.e. 0, 36, 72 kg P2O5/ha. The second factor consisted of 4 level potassium dosage i.e. 0, 60, 120, and 180 kg K2O/ha. The results showed that there was no significant interaction between phosphate and potassium fertilizer application, but the use 60 kg K2O/ha increased of flower production on February 2005. K120 kg K2O/ha significantly increased of opened flower diameter (3.97 cm), and flower bud diameter (1.17 cm). Mean while, K application at 120 kg K2O and 60 kg K2O significantly increased the leaf length and mature flower (3.97 cm).
Keywords
Alpinia purpurata; Phosphate fertilizer; Potassium fertilizer; Growth; Flower quality