Potensi Individu Amblyseius deleoni et Denmark sebagai Predator Hama Tungau Panonychus citri McGregor pada Tanaman Jeruk
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Indonesian Center for Horticulture Research and Development
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ABSTRAK. Panonychus citri merupakan salah satu hama penting pada tanaman jeruk. Pengendalian terhadap populasi hama tungau ini perlu dilakukan untuk menekan kehilangan hasil pada tanaman jeruk. Salah satu alternatif pengendalian yang perlu dikembangkan adalah pemanfaatan musuh alami. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui potensi individu A. deleoni pemangsa hama P. citri. Penelitian dilaksanakan pada bulan Agustus 1999-Januari 2000 di Laboratorium Entomologi Balai Penelitian Tanaman Jeruk dan Buah Subtropika, Tlekung. Penelitian menggunakan rancangan acak lengkap dengan 6 perlakuan dan 10 ulangan. Perlakuannya adalah A. deleoni diberi mangsa (1) telur, (2) larva, (3) nimfa, (4) imago, dan (5) campuran stadia P. citri, serta (6) tepungsari bunga pepaya. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa A. deleoni mampu memangsa P. citri. Individu A. deleoni mampu memangsa telur, larva, nimfa, imago, dan campuran stadia P. citri berturut-turut sebanyak 1,80-2,16 butir/hari, 1,08-2,22 ekor/hari, 0,70-1,52 ekor/hari, 0,47-1,08 ekor/hari, dan 1,15-2,93 ekor/hari. Lama stadia pertumbuhan A. deleoni pada stadia mangsa yang berbeda tidak menunjukkan perbedaan nyata terhadap tingkat pemangsaan. Jumlah telur yang diletakkan oleh A. deleoni dewasa terbanyak adalah pada perlakuan mangsa telur, yaitu 14,40 butir. Jumlah keturunan F1 terbanyak dari A. deleoni terjadi pada perlakuan mangsa telur, yaitu 11,52 ekor. Hasil ini menunjukkan adanya alternatif predator yang dapat digunakan untuk mengendalikan populasi P. citri pada tanaman jeruk.ABSTRACT. Setyobudi, L., M. Istianto, and O. Endarto. 2007. Individual Potency of Amblyseius deleoni et Denmark as Predator of Panonychus citri McGregor on Citrus. Panonychus citri is one of the most economically important citrus pests in Indonesia. Controlling to this pest population is needed to suppress the crop losses of citrus production. One of the technologies to control mite population is by applying natural enemies. The objective of this research was to evaluate the individual potency of A. deleoni to prey P. citri. The research was arranged in a completely randomized design with 6 treatments and 10 replications This research was conducted from August 1999 to January 2000 in Laboratory of Entomology of Indonesian Citrus and Subtropic Fruit Research Institute Tlekung. The treatments were A. deleoni put in the several stages of P. citri lifecycle i.e. (1) eggs, (2) larva, (3) nymph, (4) adult, (5) mixed stages of P. citri, and (6) pollens of papaya. The results showed that A. deleoni had a potency to prey P. citri. During the treatments, individual of A. deleoni was able to prey 1.80-2.16 eggs/day, 1.08-2.22 larvae/day, 0.70-1.52 nymphs/day, 0.47-1.08 adults/day, 1.15-2.93 mixed stages of P. citri/day. The treatments tended not to have significant influence to longevity of A. deleoni. The largest number of eggs and first generation of A. deleoni found in the treatment of eggs of P. citri as a prey i.e. 14.40 and 11.52 respectively. This results gives an alternative predator that can be used to control the population of P. citri on citrus.
Keywords
Citrus sp.; Amblyseius deleoni; Potensi memangsa; Panonychus citri