Identifikasi dan Analisis Tingkat Parasitasi Jenis Parasitoid terhadap Hama Lalat Buah Bactrocera tau pada Tanaman Markisa
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2013-08-02
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Indonesian Center for Horticulture Research and Development
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ABSTRAK. Untuk mengidentifikasi jenis parasitoid dan menganalisis tingkat parasitasinya pada hama lalat buahBactrocera tau, pupa dikumpulkan dari kebun milik petani di Alahan Panjang, Solok. Pupa tersebut dibawa keLaboratorium Proteksi Balai Penelitian Tanaman Buah Tropika dan dipelihara pada suhu kamar. Pupa dimasukkanke dalam cawan petri yang dialasi tisu basah, kemudian dihitung jumlah pupa yang menetas, pupa yang diserangparasitoid, serta parameter mortalitas lainnya. Penelitian dilakukan pada bulan Juli sampai Desember 2006. Hasilidentifikasi diperoleh empat jenis parasitoid yang memparasit B. tau, yaitu Opius oophilus, O. longicaudatus, O.vandenboschi, dan Tetrastichus giffardianus. Parasitoid ini menyebabkan kematian pupa yang dikumpulkan dilapangan sebesar 50,09% dan memparasit larva pada buah yang jatuh sebesar 31,20%. Tetrastichus giffardianus lebihdominan di kebun dengan kemampuan parasitasi 38,06%, sedangkan Opius spp. pada stadia larva, lebih dominandengan kemampuan parasitasi 24%. Parasitoid ini memiliki potensi sebagai agens pengendali hama secara terpadudi perkebunan markisa.ABSTRACT. Octriana, L. 2010. Identification of Parasitoid and Analysis of Its Parasitic Level on Fruit FlyBactrocera tau in Passion Fruit. Information of parasitoid diversity of fruit fly in passion fruit is still limited.Therefore, identification of parasitoid and analysis of its parasitic level is important. To obtain parasitoids, the pupaewere collected from fields in Alahan Panjang. The sample of pupae mass were reared at the Laboratory of IndonesianTropical Fruits Research Institute, Solok, West Sumatera under room temperature. Each pupae was isolated in petridishand recorded on hatching failure, pupae which were attached by parasitoid, and other mortality parameters. Theresearch was conducted from Juli to December 2006. The results indicated that four species of parasitoid, namelyOpius oophilus, O. longicaudatus, O. vandenboschi, and Tetrastichus giffardianus were found. The four parasitoidscould occur simultaneously in the field, resulting synergistic parasitism up to 50.09%. On the fallen fruits, theirparasitism reached 31.20%. Tetrastichus giffardianus was clearly predominant in the field and represented around38.06%, whereas Opius spp. was predominant on the larvae, amounted about 24%. These indigenous parasitoidswere potentially used as biocontrol agent in the integrated pest management program in passion fruits orchard.