Pengujian Kisaran Inang Nematoda Bentuk Ginjal (Rotylenchulus reniformis Linford dan Oliveira)
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Date
2009-12-12
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Indonesian Center for Horticulture Research and Development
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Rotylenchulus reniformis merupakan salah satu nematoda semiendoparasit penting yang menyerangberbagai jenis tanaman hortikultura di Indonesia. Nematoda ini dapat ditemukan di dataran rendah maupun datarantinggi di Indonesia. Salah satu cara yang efektif untuk mengendalikan R. reniformis ialah melalui penerapan rotasitanaman dan sanitasi lingkungan, termasuk memusnahkan tanaman inang alternatif. Untuk itu, diperlukan pengujianstatus inang berbagai jenis tanaman dan spesies gulma terhadap R. reniformis. Penelitian dilaksanakan pada bulan April2002 sampai Januari 2003 di Rumah Kaca dan Laboratorium Nematologi Balai Penelitian Tanaman Hias Segunung,Kecamatan Pacet, Kabupaten Cianjur (1.100 m dpl.). Penelitian menggunakan rancangan acak lengkap dengan 5ulangan. Sebanyak 84 jenis tanaman sayuran, tanaman hias, dan berbagai spesies gulma digunakan sebagai perlakuan.Setiap tanaman diinokulasi dengan 1.000 ekor nematoda yang merupakan campuran larva, nematoda jantan, dan betinapradewasa. Status inang ditentukan dengan kriteria faktor reproduksi R. reniformis lebih dari 1 = tanaman inang R.reniformis dan faktor reproduksi kurang dari 1 = bukan tanaman inang. Faktor reproduksi merupakan perbandinganantara populasi akhir dan populasi awal. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa dari 41 jenis tanaman sayuran yangdiuji, 24 di antaranya merupakan tanaman inang R. reniformis. Cabai, wortel, dan bawang-bawangan bukan inangR. reniformis. Tujuh spesies gulma berdaun lebar dapat digolongkan sebagai inang R. reniformis. Semua gulmamonokotil yang diuji bukan inang R. reniformis. Populasi R. reniformis tidak dapat berkembang pada hibrida Tagetespatula dan T. erecta, Crotalaria usaramoensis, dan Ricinus communisABSTRACT. Marwoto, B. 2009. Study of Host Range of Reniform Nematode (Rotylenchulus reniformis Linfordand Oliveira ). Rotylenchulus reniformis is one of the most important semiendoparasitic nematode attacking differentspecies of horticultural crops and weeds in Indonesia. The nematode can be found in the lowland and highland areasin Indonesia. One of the most reliable control measures of the nematode in the field is by applying crop rotation anderadicating alternative hosts. Before applying those control measures, a research on the host status of different cropsand weed species to the nematode is necessarily to be done. This study was conducted on April 2002 to January2003 at the Greenhouse and Nematology Laboratory of The Research Institute for Ornamental Crops, Cianjur, WestJava (1,100 asl.). A completely randomized design with 5 replications was used in this study. A total of 84 speciesand varieties of vegetables, ornamental crops, and weeds were used as treatments. Every variety of the crops and theweeds were inoculated with 1,000 nematode population, comprised of larvae, male, and pre-adult female. Host statuswas determined by the following criteria reproductive factor: >1=host plant and reproductive factor; and <1=non-hostplant; where reproductive factor was ratio between initial population and final population. The results showed that ofthe 41 species and varieties of vegetable crops tested, 24 species were determined as non-host of R. reniformis. Amongthem were chili pepper, carrot, shallots, and garlic. Seven weed species were categorized as host of R. reniformis.Monocot weeds were mostly proven as non-host of R. reniformis. Population of R. reniformis could not grow onTagetes patula and T. erecta hibryds, Crotalaria usaramoensis, and Ricinus communis