Kelayakan Finansial Produksi True Shallot Seed di Indonesia (Studi kasus : Sumatera Utara, Jawa Timur, dan Jawa Tengah) [Financial Feasibility of True Shallot Seed Production in Indonesia (Case Study : North Sumatera, East Java, and Central Java)]
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Indonesian Center for Horticulture Research and Development
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Bawang merah merupakan komoditas penting dan bernilai ekonomi tinggi untuk Indonesia. Upaya untuk meningkatkan produktivitas bawang merah sesuai dengan potensi hasilnya terus diupayakan, namun terkendala oleh ketersediaan benih bawang merah bermutu dalam jumlah cukup sepanjang tahun bagi petani. Untuk mengatasi hal tersebut diupayakan dengan memproduksi biji botani bawang merah (true shallot seed =TSS). Penelitian sebelumnya menyatakan penggunaan TSS potensial untuk mengurangi biaya benih dan meningkatkan hasil panen bawang merah. Tujuan penelitian untuk mengetahui kelayakan finansial produksi biji botani bawang merah/TSS di tiga provinsi di Indonesia. Penelitian dilakukan pada bulan Juni hingga Desember 2016 di Desa Gurgur, Kecamatan Tampahan, Kabupaten Tobassa, Sumatera Utara, Desa Tulungrejo Kecamatan Bauji Kota Batu, Jawa Timur, dan di Desa Gumeng, Kecamatan Jenawi, Kabupaten Karang Anyar, Jawa Tengah. Analisis data menggunakan analisis biaya usahatani dan pendapatan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa produksi TSS di Sumatera Utara dan Jawa Timur memberikan keuntungan yang sangat baik, yakni sebesar 602,7 juta dan 356,3 juta rupiah dengan nilai R/C berturut-turut 3,44 dan 2,63. Sementara itu produksi TSS di Jawa Tengah mengalami kerugian, dengan nilai kerugian sebesar 184,3 juta rupiah dengan nilai R/C 0,41.KeywordsKelayakan finansial; TSS; Produksi bawang merah; Analisis usahataniAbstractShallot is an important crop that has high economic value for Indonesia. Efforts for increasing shallot productivity to fit its potential yield are continuously pursued. However, these efforts are mostly constrained by the availability of high quality shallot bulb seed and its accessibility to be used by farmers along the year. An alternative planting material that recently has been promoted is the use of true shallot seed (TSS). Preliminary findings suggest a promising potential of TSS use because it may not only reduce the seed costs, but also may increase the yield. The objective of this study was to assess the financial feasibility of TSS production in three provinces of Indonesia. The study was conducted from June to December 2016 in (1) Gurgur Village, Tampahan Subdistrict, Tobassa District, North Sumatera, (2) Tulungrejo Village, Bauji Subdistrict Batu, East Java, and in (3) Gumeng Village, Jenawi Subdistrict, Karang Anyar District, Central Java. Data were analyzed by using an enterprise budget method. The results suggest that TSS production in North Sumatera and East Java provides positive profit as much as IDR 602.7 million (R/C = 3.44) and IDR 356.3 million (R/C = 2.63), respectively. Meanwhile, because of unfavorable climatic condition, TSS production in Central Java experiences a loss as much as IDR 184.3 million, with the R/C of 0.41.
Keywords
Financial feasibility; TSS; Shallot production; Farm analysis