KINERJA RANTAI PASOK, DINAMIKA, DAN PEMBENTUKAN HARGA BERAS DI JAWA TENGAH
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Pusat Sosial Ekonomi dan Kebijakan Pertanian
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The rice supply chain from producers to consumers in Central Java Province is relatively long. This condition affects the formation of rice prices.This study aimed to assess performance of rice production, conversion rate from dry paddy (GKG) into rice, performance of rice supply chain, dynamics of rice prices between seasons and markets, and formation of rice prices along the supply chain. This research was conducted in 2018 in rice production centers in Central Java, namely District of Sragen, Klaten and Demak. Results of this study showed that this province had a rice surplus and this was marketed mostly to West Java and Jakarta provinces. The conversion rate from paddy to rice varies between 60-65% or an average of 62.74% depending on the varieties grown, the drying process, and the condition of harvesting machine. In general there are six to seven actors in the rice supply chain. During the main harvest in rainy season, the price of paddy and rice usually dropped due to abundant supply, however during the harvest of rainy season in 2017/2018, the price of paddy and rice were remained high. This case indicated that formation of paddy and rice prices were more determined by supply side. It can be concluded that shorten the rice supply chain can increase paddy prices at the farm level and reduce rice prices at the consumer level. In order to shorten the the rice supply chain effectively, it is recommended that rice milling process to be done at the milling industry.
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