The Pathological Changes in Caecum in Broilers Infected with Eimeria tenella and Treated with Sapindus rarak Powder
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Indonesian Center for Animal Science Research and Development (ICARD)
Abstract
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Sapindus rarak (lerak) is a native plant in Indonesia from the family of Sapindaceae. This plant has bioactive compounds known as saponins and is potentially to inhibit the growth of protozoa. The purpose of this study was to determine the histopathology changes in caecum of broilers that were infected with E. tenella through their litter, followed by an addition of S. rarak powder (SRP) with 2.5 g/kg in ration. A total of 90 birds consisted of 3 treatments with 3 replicates (10 birds per replicate) reared in litter system for 35 days. A completely randomized design was arranged for this experiment with R1 (Control, without coccidiostat, without SRP); R2 (Coccidiostat); R3 (SRP 2.5 g/kg). At 14 days old, all chickens were infected with E. tenella on the litter (15,000 oocysts/m). The parameters measured were macroscopic and microscopic changes of caecum. Chicken were dissected at day 7, 10, 13, 16, 19, 21 post-infection. The results showed that ptechiae of caecum appeared earlier on day 7 post infection in control (R1), while in SRP 2.5 g kg-1 (R3) and coccidiostat (R2) appeared on day 13 post-infection. Macroscopic and microscopic changes of caecum treated with SRP 2.5 g/kg treatment did not show severe lesions indicating that the E. tenella did not develop in caecum. It was concluded that saponins of S. rarak powder (SRP) at a dose of 2.5 g/kg inhibited the growth of E. tenella oocysts in the caecum of broiler chicken.
Keywords
Broiler Chicken; E. tenella; Histopathology; S. rarak Powder