PERTUMBUHAN DAN HASIL GALUR-GALUR KACANG TANAH DI LAHAN LEBAK
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2014-07-25
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Balai Besar Pengkajian dan Pengembangan Teknologi Pertanian
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The Growth and Yield of Groundnut Genotypes on Swampy Areas. One of the causes of low groundnut yield on swampy areas in South Kalimantan is the presence of environmental stress. The use of varieties adaptable to environmental stress is one of the efforts to increase groundnut yield in swampy areas. The objective of this research was to find out the effect of environmental grip levels on the growth and yield of ten groundnut genotypes on swampy areas. This research was conducted at 3 locations on swampy areas of South Kalimantan, i.e. at Tambangan Village of Daha Selatan Sub-district-Kandangan, Panggang Marak Village of Labuhan Amas Selatan-Barabai and Setiap-Pandawan-Barabai Village, during the dry season of 2004. This research was arranged in Randomized Complete Design with three replications. Seven groundnut genotypes and 3 control varieties i.e. Jerapah, Singa and Lokal were tested for their adaptability on those three swampy areas differing in the environmental stress levels. The results show that groundnuts are adequately adaptable to environmental stress especially soil acidity on swampy areas. Three lines i.e. GH-5, GH-8 and GH-11 yielded more than that of control variety Jerapah, had better seed quality and more adaptive on swampy areas. Key words: Environmental stress, swampy areas, groundnut Salah satu penyebab rendahnya hasil kacang tanah di lahan lebak Kalimantan Selatan adalah adanya cekaman lingkungan. Penggunaan varietas adaptif terhadap cekaman lingkungan merupakan salah satu upaya untuk meningkatkan hasil kacang tanah di lahan lebak. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah mengetahui pengaruh perbedaan tingkat cekaman lingkungan terhadap pertumbuhan dan hasil 10 galur kacang tanah di lahan lebak. Penelitian ini telah dilaksanakan di lahan lebak dangkal di Desa Tambangan-Kecamatan Daha SelatanKandangan, di desa Panggang Marak-Kecamatan Labuhan Amas Selatan-Barabai dan di desa Setiap-Kecamatan Pandawan-Barabai pada MK 2004. Rancangan yang digunakan adalah Rancangan Acak Kelompok dengan tiga ulangan. Tujuh galur kacang tanah dan tiga varietas cek yaitu varietas Jerapah, Singa dan Lokal, diuji daya adaptasinya pada 3 lokasi lahan lebak yang berbeda tingkat cekaman lingkungannya. Hasil pengujian menunjukkan bahwa kacang tanah cukup adaptif terhadap cekaman lingkungan terutama cekaman kemasaman tanah di lahan lebak. Terdapat tiga galur yaitu GH-5, GH-8 dan GH-11 memiliki daya hasil lebih tinggi daripada varietas cek Jerapah, memiliki mutu biji baik dan adaptif di lahan lebak. Kata kunci: Cekaman lingkungan, lahan lebak, kacang tanah