PROSPEK PERBAIKAN TEKNOLOGI BUDIDAYA DAN PASCAPANEN KUMIS KUCING DI KABUPATEN SUKABUMI
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Date
2015-11-15
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Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Perkebunan
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Prospect Improvement Cultivation Technology and Postharvest of Cats Whiskers in Sukabumi RegencyABSTRAK Penerapan teknologi pertanian diarahkan pada teknologi yang tepat guna dan tepat terap sesuai dengan komoditas yang dikembangkan, untuk itu perlu didahului studi kelayakan. Penelitian bertujuan mengetahui prospek perbaikan teknologi budidaya dan pascapanen kumis kucing, dilakukan dalam bentuk sosilisasi dan demplot di kebun petani Kecamatan Nagrak, Sukabumi, Jawa Barat dari bulan Maret sampai Desember 2012. Perbaikan teknologi budidaya kumis kucing melalui penerapan pemupukan SOP rekomendasi Balittro dengan dosis pupuk kandang 20 ton/ha, diberikan 1-2 minggu sebelum tanam, Urea, SP-36, dan KCl masing-masing dengan dosis 200, 200, dan 150 kg/ha diberikan setiap habis panen. Pengeringan simplisia menggunakan kain penutup hitam pada terna basah yang dihamparkan di atas plastik. Data dianalisis secara deskriptif. Tingkat kelayakan teknologi budidaya diukur berdasarkan : tingkat efisiensi teknis, efisiensi ekonomis, serta efisiensi alokatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penerapan SOP budidaya dan pascapanen anjuran Balittro dapat meningkatkan produksi dan pendapatan usaha tani kumis kucing, hasil terna basah kumis kucing untuk enam kali panen per tahun pada budidaya monokultur 3.333 kg/1.000 m2 dan tumpang sari dengan ubi kayu 2.592 kg/1.000 m2, lebih tinggi 62,70 dan 81,75% dibanding pada petani. Analisis efisiensi ekonomi terna basah SOP pemupukan Balittro pada budidaya monokultur diperoleh pendapatan Rp.2.486.667,- dan tumpang sari dengan ubi kayu Rp.946.000,- per 1.000 m 2 , masing-masing dua kali dan sepuluh kali lebih tinggi dari pendapatan dengan pemupukan petani setempat. Pengembangan budidaya kumis kucing dengan pemupukan anjuran perlu upaya penyuluhan, penyediaan kredit usaha, dan promosi produk secara luas. Kata kunci: Orthosipon aristatus Miq., perbaikan teknologi, budidaya, pascapanen, sistem usaha tani ABSTRACT The application of agricultural technologies directed at appropriate technology and applicability according to the commodity which was developed, for that require to be preceded by feasibility studies. Research prospect improvement cultivation technology and postharvest of java tea in the form dissemination and demonstration plots was conducted in the farmer’s plantation at Nagrak District, Sukabumi, West Java, from March to December 2012. ISMCRI fertilizer recommendations were applied manure 20 tonnes/ha, applied 1-2 weeks before planting and inorganic fertilizer consisting of urea, SP36 and KCl respectively at a dose of 200, 200, and 150 kg/ha was given after every harvesting. Dissemination of the drying using black slipcover on the wet herbaceous plant spread on plastic. The feasibility technological was measured based on the level of technical efficiency, economic efficiency and price efficiency. The results showed SOP fertilizer introduced technically and economically more efficient, herbaceous plant production java tea for six harvest per year on monoculture farming 3,333 kg/1.000 m2 and intercropped with cassava 2,592 kg/1.000 m2, were higher than the farmer production, and more efficient in the allocation of inputs there were 62.70 (monoculture) and 81.75% (in intercropping with cassava). Economic efficiency analysis of the wet herbaceous plant product showed, cultivation with SOP fertilizer recommendation on monoculture cultivation income earned Rp.2,486,667,- and intercropping with cassava Rp. 946,000, - per 1,000 m2, respectively twice and ten times higher than income to local farmers fertilizing cultivation. The development of java tea cultivation using fertilizer recommendation should efforts of counseling, provision of business loans and promotion the product extensively. Keywords: Orthosipon aristatus Miq., technology improvement, cultivation, postharvest, farming system