Selektivitas Insektisida Sintetik dan Nabati terhadap Larva Helicoverpa armigera, Crocidolomia binotalis, dan Spodoptera litura, serta Imago Parasitoid Eriborus argenteopilosus
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Indonesian Center for Horticulture Research and Development
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Parasitoid E. argenteopilosus Cam. adalah musuh alami penting hama H. armigera, C. binotalis, dan S. litura. Untuk melindungi parasitoid tersebut, dalam implementasi pengendalian hama terpadu pada tanaman tomat, kubis, dan cabai perlu digunakan insektisida selektif. Untuk memperoleh jenis insektisida yang selektif telah dilaksanakan pengujian laboratorium di Balai Penelitian Tanaman Sayuran, Lembang sejak bulan Maret sampai dengan Nopember 2001. Penghitungan nilai LC50 lima jenis insektisida sintetik termasuk dua jenis insektisida mikroba dan lima jenis ekstrak kasar tanaman dilakukan dengan analisis probit. Berdasarkan hasil pengujian diperoleh data dasar nilai LC50 awal 10 jenis insektisida yang diuji. Selain itu secara keseluruhan dapat disimpulkan bahwa jenis insektisida yang selektif terhadap hama H. armigera, C. binotalis, dan S. litura serta parasitoid E. argenteopilosus adalah B. thuringiensis var. aizawai, protiofos, ekstrak daun Lantana sp., dan ekstrak biji sirsak. Untuk memantapkan hasil percobaan diperlukan penelitian lebih lanjut di lapangan. Kata kunci : Insektisida selektif; Helicoverpa armigera; Crocidolomia binotalis; Spodoptera litura; Eriborus argenteopilosus; implementasi PHT. ABSTRACT. An Ichneumonid parasitoid, E. argenteopilosus Cam., is important as a natural enemy of H. armigera, C. binotalis and S. litura. The use of selective insecticides in the implementation of integrated pest management on tomato, cabbage, and hot pepper should be persued to protect the role of E. argenteopilosus. A laboratory study has been conducted at Indonesian Vegetables Research Institute, Lembang from March to November 2001 to obtain selective insecticides. LC50 values of five synthetic insecticides including two types of microbial insec- ticides and five crude extracts of plants were calculated using probit analysis. Based on the laboratory test has been obtained base line data of initial LC50 values of the ten tested insecticides. As a whole, it can be concluded that B. thuringiensis var. aizawai, prothiophos, crude extract of Lantana sp. leaves, and Annona sp. seeds were selective against H. armigera, C. binotalis, S. litura, and E. argenteopilosus. A field trial is still needed to confirm result of this study.
Keywords
: Selective insecticides; Helicoverpa armigera; Crocidolomia binotalis; Spodoptera litura; Eriborus argenteopilosus; IPM implementation