Studi Adopsi Benih Kentang Bebas Virus Varietas Granola L. dari Balai Penelitian Tanaman Sayuran di Kabupaten Garut, Jawa Barat
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Indonesian Center for Horticulture Research and Development
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(Adoption Study of Potato Seed Free Virus of Granola L. Variety from Indonesian Vegetable Research Institute in Garut Regency, West Java)Kontribusi Balai Penelitian Tanaman Sayuran (Balitsa) sebagai lembaga penelitian pemerintah penghasil teknologi baru, termasuk varietas dalam meningkatkan pendapatan petani masih belum terdokumentasi dengan baik. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui tingkat adopsi, pendapatan petani, dan tingkat pengembalian investasi (Return on Investment = ROI) pada penerapan benih kentang bebas virus varietas Granola L. dari Balitsa di Kabupaten Garut, Jawa Barat. Penelitian ini merupakan evaluasi ex-post yang dilaksanakan pada bulan Juni 2014 di Desa Sirnajaya, Kecamatan Cisurupan, Kabupaten Garut, Jawa Barat. Lokasi tersebut dipilih secara purposive karena di daerah ini banyak petani yang mengadopsi benih kentang bebas virus varietas Granola L. dari Balitsa. Pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui Fokus Grup Diskusi (FGD) dan wawancara individual dengan kuesioner terstruktur. Total responden berjumlah 40 petani terdiri atas tujuh penangkar benih adopter, yaitu penangkar benih yang menghasilkan benih kentang bebas virus dari G0 (1 orang), G1 (1 orang), G2 (1 orang), G3 (3 orang), dan G4 (1 orang), 12 petani kentang konsumsi adopter, dan 21 petani nonadopter. Analisis data dilakukan menggunakan statistik deskriptif, menggunakan gambar garis waktu, tabel, dan analisis biaya dan pendapatan usahatani. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa teknologi benih kentang bebas virus varietas Granola L. dari Balitsa telah diintroduksi dan diadopsi petani di Desa Sirnajaya, Kecamatan Cisurupan, Garut sejak tahun 2008. Adopsi teknologi benih kentang bebas virus varietas Granola L. di Garut pada tahun 2013 dapat meningkatkan profit dari total adopter dengan nilai total sebesar 6,732 milyar rupiah. Sementara nilai ROI untuk biaya penelitian dan diseminasi teknologi benih kentang bebas virus varietas Granola L. untuk tahun 2013 adalah sebesar 918.000%. Artinya, untuk setiap Rp100,00 biaya penelitian dan diseminasi yang dikeluarkan Balitsa memberikan peningkatan profit kepada total petani adopter sebesar Rp918.000,00 atau peningkatan sebesar 9.180 kali lipat.KeywordsKentang; Varietas Granola L.; Tingkat adopsi; Profit; ROIAbstractContribution of Indonesian Vegetable Research Institute (Ivegri) as a public research institution which produces new technologies, including new varieties, on the improvement of farmers’ income are still not well documented. The research objective was to determine the level of adoption, farmer income and return on investment (ROI) on the application virus-free potato seed of Granola L. variety from Ivegri in Garut District, West Java. This ex-post evaluation research was conducted in June 2014 in Sirnajaya Village, Cisurupan Subdistrict, Garut District, West Java. The location was chosen purposively because in the area there were a lot of farmers who adopted virus free potato seed of Granola L. variety from Ivegri. Data were collected through Focus Group Discussion and an individual interview used structured questionnaire. The total respondents were 40 farmers consisted of 7 farmers seed adopters, they were farmer seeds that generated G0 free virus potato seed (1 person), G1 (1 person), G2 (1 person), G3 (3 persons) and G4 (1 person), 12 adopter farmers of potato consumption and 21 nonadopter farmers. Data were analysed using descriptive statistic with time line picture, table and farm budget analysis. The result of study showed that the technology of potato free virus seed of Granola L. Variety of Granola L. seed from Ivegri have been introduced as well as adopted by farmers in Garut total adopters’ profit as much as 6.732 billions rupiah. Meanwhile, the return on investment (ROI) of research and disseminaton of technology of potato free virus seed of Granola L. variety only in 2013 was 918.000%. It means each IDR 100 invested by Ivegri on research and dissemination of technology of potato free virus seed of Granola L. variety would increase the profit of total farmers’ adopters as IDR 918.000 or 9,180 times of the investment.
Keywords
Granola L. variety; Rate of adoption; Profit; ROI